Table 5.
Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment.43
| Essary | Gerhart | O’Mahoney | Orellana-Rios | Podgurski | Sansó | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Random sequence generation | Low | High | High | High | High | High |
| Allocation concealment | High | High | High | High | High | High |
| Blinding participants & personnel | High | High | High | High | High | High |
| Blinding of outcome assessment | Unclear | High | High | High | High | High |
| Incomplete outcome data | High | Low | Low | Low | Low | High |
| Selective reporting | High** | Low | Low | Low | Low | High* |
| Other bias | High** | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
The majority of risk came from the fact that 5 of the 6 studies were uncontrolled.
*
Sansó did not report means and standard deviations and could not provide them when asked.
**
In Essary's study, the author noted that participants did not complete the 30-minute mindfulness practice: times were not completely reported. (Other bias) This study also paid the first 30 participants.