Table 2.

Association between current smoking behaviors and clearance of HPV infection within a 2-year follow-up after matching

Current smoking behaviors	n	HP infection clearance	Hazard ratio (HR) and adjusted hazard ratio (AHR)* for HPV infection clearance
			HR (95% CI)	p	AHR (95% CI)	p
Status
Current non-smokers (Ref.)	60	48	1		1
Current smokers	20	10	0.499 (0.251–0.989)	0.046	0.478 (0.239–0.958)	0.037
Duration (years of smoking)
0 (Ref.)	60	48	1		1
1–10	11	6	0.603 (0.258–1.414)	0.245	0.589 (0.248–1.395)	0.229
>10	9	4	0.395 (0.142–1.100)	0.075	0.360 (0.128–1.013)	0.053
				p for trend=0.043		p for trend=0.029
Frequency (days of smoking per month)
0 (Ref.)	60	48	1		1
1–15	10	7	0.848 (0.383–1.880)	0.685	0.676 (0.294–1.555)	0.356
>15	10	3	0.254 (0.079–0.817)	0.021	0.254 (0.087–0.910)	0.034
				p for trend=0.020		p for trend=0.021
Dose (numbers of cigarettes smoked per day)
0 (Ref.)	60	48	1		1
1–10	11	6	0.621 (0.265–1.454)	0.272	0.622 (0.263–1.473)	0.281
>10	9	4	0.385 (0.138–1.071)	0.067	0.343 (0.122–0.964)	0.042
				p for trend=0.040		p for trend=0.026

Univariable and multivariable Cox regression models were used to evaluate the correlations.

^*Adjusted for history of sexually transmitted diseases (STD), HPV infection status, and sexual behaviors during follow-up.

HPV: human papillomavirus.