Table 4.

Child physical traits by specific FASD diagnosis at 5 years of age (60 months) by maternal participation in multifaceted case management.

(A) Children with FAS
At 60 months	Alcohol-exposed without MCMa (n = 26)	Alcohol-exposed with MCMa (n = 9)	p
	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)
OFC centile	1.4 (1.0)	2.7 (2.5)	.036
OFC ≤ 3rd centile	96.2	66.7	.017
Inner canthal distance (ICD) centile	56.6 (17.4)	61.6 (19.9)	.483
Inner pupillary distance (IPD) centile	37.3 (19.7)	36.3 (12.4)	.887
Palpebral fissure length (PFL) centile	5.9 (5.9)	5.9 (7.9)	.999
Smooth philtrum (% Yes)	73.1	77.8	.781
Narrow vermilion (% Yes)	69.2	77.8	.625
Number of minor anomalies	9.6 (2.7)	9.2 (1.6)	.713
Total dysmorphology score	16.8 (3.4)	16.8 (3.2)	.986
(B) Children with PFAS
	Alcohol-exposed without MCM (n = 7)	Alcohol-exposed with MCM (n = 8)
At 60 months	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	p
OFC centile	12.4 (10.9)	36.3 (31.3)	.079
Inner canthal distance (ICD) centile	55.9 (12.4)	68.0 (10.0)	.056
Inner pupillary distance (IPD) centile	39.0 (12.1)	54.1 (24.8)	.167
Palpebral fissure length (PFL) centile	6.0 (6.8)	19.6 (17.0)	.070
Smooth philtrum (% Yes)	28.6	87.5	.020
Narrow vermilion (% Yes)	71.4	62.5	.714
Number of minor anomalies	7.6 (1.1)	7.3 (.7)	.515
Total dysmorphology score	12.9 (1.8)	12.1 (2.4)	.514
(C) Children with ARND
	Alcohol-exposed without MCM (n = 8)	Alcohol-exposed with MCM (n = 8)
At 60 months	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	p
OFC centile	4.5 (4.3)	19.3 (13.3)	.010
OFC ≤ 3rd centile	50.0	25.0	.302
OFC ≤ 10th centile	87.5	37.5	.039
Inner canthal distance (ICD) centile	46.3 (22.8)	70.8 (12.7)	.019
Inner pupillary distance (IPD) centile	44.1 (23.5)	72.4 (15.8)	.014
Palpebral fissure length (PFL) centile	17.0 (12.5)	21.8 (13.8)	.482
Smooth philtrum (% Yes)	0.0	25.0	.131
Narrow vermilion (% Yes)	37.5	0.0	.055
Number of minor anomalies	6.8 (2.6)	4.9 (2.8)	.187
Total dysmorphology score	10.5 (3.1)	8.4 (5.3)	.341

^aAll mothers in both categories had AUDIT scores > 8 and were considered hazardous drinkers.