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. 2023 Mar 6;14:1145814. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1145814

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Characterization of T cell subsets in BALF from patients with IPF, CTD-ILD, and sarcoidosis. (A) The proportion of T cells (defined by CD2+CD3+) among CD45+ BALF cells and the CD4+ T cell/CD8+ T cell ratio from IPF (n = 8), CTD-ILD (n = 13), and sarcoidosis (n = 10). ns: not significant. (B) UMAP plots of concatenated samples visualizing the distribution of CD2+CD3+ T cell differentiation in BALF from patients with IPF, CTD-ILD, and sarcoidosis. Central memory (CM) T cells are defined by CCR7+ CD45RO+ CD28+ Fas+, Transitional memory (TM) by CCR7– CD45RO+ CD28+ Fas+, Effector memory (EM) by CCR7– CD45RO+ CD28– Fas+, Terminal effector (TE) by CCR7– CD45RO+/– Fas–, Effector memory RA (EMRA) by CCR7– CD45RO– CD45RA+ Fas+/–. Arrows indicate the trajectory of T-cell differentiation. DN: CD4– CD8– double negative, DP: CD4+ CD8+ double positive. (C) Percentage of T cell subpopulations in IPF, CTD-ILD, and sarcoidosis. Graphical plots represent individual samples. Statistical differences were analyzed by two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test. ns. not significant, ** p < 0.01, **** p < 0.0001. (D) The Citrus network tree displays the hierarchical relationship and intensity of each marker among the T-cell populations in BALF from IPF (n = 8), CTD-ILD (n = 13), and sarcoidosis (n = 10). (E) Heatmap illustrating the expression markers across different clusters of T cells as determined by the Citrus analysis. (F) Citrus-generated violin plots for three representative and differentially regulated populations. Each cluster number (C#) corresponds to the number shown in panel (D). All differences in abundance are significant at a false discovery rate < 0.01.