Table 3: Prevalence and prevalence ratios (crude and adjusted) for prior medical diagnosis of diabetes reported by women (n = 566) and men (n = 297), according to sociodemographic, behavioral, food consumption and health indicator variables. João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil (2014).
| Variables | Women | Men | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crude PR* 95% CI* | Adjusted † PR* 95% CI* | Crude PR* 95% CI* | Adjusted † PR* 95% CI* | |
| Sociodemographic indicators | ||||
| Age group | ||||
| 45-54 years | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| 55-64 years | 2.5 (1.1-5.4)‡ | 2.0 (0.9-4.4)§ | 5.6 (2.1-14.8)‡ | 5.1 (1.9-13.4)§ |
| ≥ 65 years | 2.5 (1.2-5.1)‡ | 1.8 (0.8-3.9) | 4.2 (1.6-10.7)‡ | 4.0 (1.4-10.9)§ |
| Marital status | ||||
| Single | 1.0 | - | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Married/stable partnership | 1.3 (0.5-3.1) | - | 27.8 (3.5-216.9)‡ | 17.7 (2.0-153.0)§ |
| Widowed | 1.9 (0.8-4.7) | - | 7.4 (0.6-91.4)‡ | 3.7 (0.2-54.9) |
| Separated/divorced | 1.6 (0.5-5.3) | - | 6.1 (0.4-77.2)‡ | 6.5 (0.4-97.3) |
| Education | ||||
| ≥ 12 years | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | - |
| 9-11 years | 1.7 (0.7-4.0) | 1.7 (0.7-4.1) | 0.8 (0.4-1.8) | - |
| 5-8 years | 2.4 (0.9-5.8) | 2.0 (0.8-5.0) | 0.7 (0.2-2.1) | - |
| 0-4 years | 3.3 (1.4-7.7)‡ | 2.5 (1.0-6.3)§ | 1.0 (1.4-2.5) | - |
| Possession of health insurance | ||||
| Yes | 1.0 | - | 1.0 | - |
| No | 1.3 (0.7-2.3) | - | 0.7 (0.3-1.4) | - |
| Behavioral indicators | ||||
| Smokers | ||||
| No | 1.0 | - | 1.0 | - |
| Yes | 1.4 (0.5-3.7) | - | 1.2 (0.4-3.1) | - |
| Former smokers | ||||
| No | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Yes | 0.6 (0.3-1.2)‡ | 0.7 (0.3-1.4) | 2.0 (1.0-4.2)‡ | 1.6 (0.8-3.2) |
| Physically inactive | ||||
| No | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | - |
| Yes | 1.5 (0.8-2.6) | 1.0 (0.6-1.7) | 1.0 (0.4-2.2) | - |
| Food consumption indicators | ||||
| Regular consumption of FVG | ||||
| Yes | 1.0 | - | 1.0 | - |
| No | 1.1 (0.6-1.9) | - | 1.0 (0.4-2.1) | - |
| Recommended consumption of FVG | ||||
| Yes | 1.0 | - | 1.0 | - |
| No | 1.2 (0.6-2.1) | - | 1.4 (0.6-3.1) | - |
| Regular consumption of beans | ||||
| Yes | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | - |
| No | 1.6 (1.0-2.8)‡ | 1.6 (1.0-2.7)§ | 0.9 (0.3-2.5) | - |
| Meats with excessive fat | ||||
| No | 1.0 | - | 1.0 | - |
| Yes | 1.5 (0.7-3.2) | - | 1.1 (0.4-2.8) | - |
| Milk with full fat content | ||||
| No | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | - |
| Yes | 0.5 (0.3-1.0)‡ | 0.6 (0.3-1.1) | 0.6 (0.3-1.4) | - |
| Regular consumption of soda or artificial juice | ||||
| No | 1.0 | - | 1.0 | - |
| Yes | 1.3 (0.4-4.4) | - | 0.6 (0.1-2.2) | - |
| Regular consumption of sweets | ||||
| No | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Yes | 0.4 (0.1-1.1)‡ | 0.5 (0.1-1.3) | 0.4 (0.1-1.7)‡ | 0.5 (0.1-2.1) |
| Replacement of lunch or dinner with snack | ||||
| No | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Yes | 0.3 (0.1-0.9)‡ | 0.3 (0.1-1.0)§ | 0.4 (0.1-1.5)‡ | 0.6 (0.1-2.6) |
| High salt intake | ||||
| No | 1.0 | - | 1.0 | - |
| Yes | 0.9 (0.3-2.7) | - | 0.4 (0.7-3.2) | - |
| Health indicators | ||||
| BMI - overweight | ||||
| No | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Yes | 1.7 (1.0-3.1)‡ | 1.7 (0.9-3.0) | 2.8 (1.2-6.3)‡ | 2.2 (0.9-4.9) |
| Self-assessed poor/very poor health | ||||
| No | 1.0 | - | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Yes | 0.9 (0.3-2.6) | - | 2.2 (0.8-5.8)‡ | 1.8 (0.7-4.4) |
| Dyslipidemia | ||||
| No | 1 | 1 | 1.0 | - |
| Yes | 1.5 (0.9-2.6)‡ | 1.3 (0.8-2.1) | 1.1 (0.5-2.3) | - |
*PR = prevalence ratio; CI = confidence interval; †Statistical analysis adjusted using the Poisson regression, performed only on independent variables that presented significance ≤ 0.20 (P ≤ 0.20) in Pearson’s chi-square test; ‡P ≤ 0.20; §P ≤ 0.05. BMI = body mass index; FVG = fruits, vegetables and greens.