TABLE 4.
Spearman correlations between plasma levels of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids and their down-stream metabolites including specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators among participants from the Mass General Brigham Biobank with rheumatoid arthritis and matched controls without rheumatoid arthritis
| ARA | EPA | DHA | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lipid mediator | Rheumatoid Arthritis Cases ρ (p-value) | Matched Controls ρ (p-value) | Rheumatoid Arthritis Cases ρ (p-value) | Matched Controls ρ (p-value) | Rheumatoid Arthritis Cases ρ (p-value) | Matched Controls ρ (p-value) | |
| Pro-Inflammatory | PGD2 | −0.368 (0.01) | −0.323 (0.02) | ||||
| PGE2 | −0.061 (0.67) | −0.089 (0.53) | |||||
| PGF2a | −0.076 (0.59) | −0.154 (0.28) | |||||
| TXB2 | 0.138 (0.33) | 0.214 (0.13) | |||||
| LTB4 | −0.135 (0.34) | −0.011 (0.94) | |||||
| Pro-Resolving | LXA4 | −0.104 (0.46) | −0.290 (0.04) | ||||
| LXB4 | 0.116 (0.41) | 0.265 (0.06) | |||||
| 18-HEPE | 0.728 (<.001) | 0.800 (<.001) | |||||
| 15-HEPE | 0.660 (<.001) | 0.750 (<.001) | |||||
| RvE1 | −0.015 (0.91) | 0.031 (0.83) | |||||
| RvE2 | 0.056 (0.69) | 0.039 (0.78) | |||||
| RvE3 | −0.173 (0.22) | −0.041 (0.77) | |||||
| RvE4 | −0.186 (0.19) | 0.007 (0.96) | |||||
| Mar1 | −0.016 (0.91) | 0.051 (0.72) | |||||
| Mar2 | 0.136 (0.34) | 0.012 (0.93) | |||||
| PD1 | 0.180 (0.20) | 0.030 (0.83) | |||||
| 17-HDHA | 0.774 (<.001) | 0.766 (<.001) | |||||
| 14-HDHA | 0.519 (<.001) | 0.497 (<.001) | |||||
| RvD1 | 0.338 (0.01) | 0.325 (0.02) | |||||
| RvD2 | 0.056 (0.70) | −0.070 (0.62) | |||||
| RvD3 | −0.043 (0.77) | 0.015 (0.92) | |||||
| RvD4 | −0.059 (0.68) | −0.269 (0.05) | |||||
| RvD5 | −0.042 (0.77) | 0.149 (0.29) | |||||
| RvD6 | 0.063 (0.66) | ‒0.157 (0.27) | |||||
Abbreviations: ARA, Arachidonic acid, EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid; DHA, docosahexaenoic acid; LTB4, Leukotriene B4; LXA4, Lipoxin A4; LXB4, Lipoxin B4; MaR1–2, Maresin 1–2; PGD2, Prostaglandin D2; PGE2, Prostaglandin E2; PGF2a, Prostaglandin F2 alpha; TXB2, Thromboxane B2; PD1, Protectin D1; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; RvD1, RvD2, RvD3, RvD4, RvD5, and RvD6, D-series resolvins; RvE1, RvE2, RvE3, and RvE4, E-series resolvins; 14-HDHA, 14-hydroxy-docosahexaenoic acid; 15-HEPE, 15-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid; 17-HDHA, 17-hydroxy-docosahexaenoic acid; 18-HEPE, 18-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid.