Table 5.
I have been stigmatized during COVID-19 because of my [demographic factor] | Gender | Age | Race | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Female | Male | 18–40 | 41–60 | 61+ | White | Black | East + Southeast Asian | South Asian | Other | ||||||||
OR | CI | OR | CI | OR | CI | OR | CI | OR | CI | OR | CI | OR | CI | ||||
Sex | Reference | 1.73 | 1.36–2.19* | Reference | 0.69 | 0.52–0.89* | 0.33 | 0.19–0.54* | Reference | 3.62 | 2.47–5.33* | 3.61 | 2.54–5.10* | 4.18 | 2.80–6.26* | 2.00 | 1.22–3.22* |
Gender | 1.72 | 1.35–2.18* | 0.68 | 0.52–0.89* | 0.33 | 0.20–0.53* | 3.29 | 2.26–4.81* | 2.95 | 2.12–4.13* | 3.91 | 2.64–5.80* | 2.08 | 1.30–3.28* | |||
Race | 1.19 | 0.96–1.47 | 0.62 | 0.48–0.78* | 0.41 | 0.27–0.62* | 5.34 | 3.74–7.68* | 14.9 | 10.88–20.63* | 4.72 | 3.23–6.94* | 3.97 | 2.60–6.06* | |||
Age | 1.11 | 0.91–1.36 | 0.45 | 0.35–0.56* | 1.01 | 0.74–1.38 | 1.68 | 1.24–2.27* | 1.47 | 1.13–1.90* | 1.59 | 1.14–2.20* | 1.70 | 1.18–2.42* | |||
Immigration status | 1.60 | 1.27–2.01* | 0.64 | 0.49–0.82* | 0.43 | 0.27–0.67* | 3.62 | 2.50–5.27* | 5.23 | 3.80–7.27* | 4.17 | 2.82–6.17* | 2.12 | 1.33–3.35* | |||
Level of ability | 1.64 | 1.31–2.06* | 0.72 | 0.56–0.92* | 0.54 | 0.36–0.81* | 2.62 | 1.85–3.72* | 2.38 | 1.76–3.24* | 3.08 | 2.14–4.44* | 2.07 | 1.35–3.14* | |||
Sexual orientation | 2.13 | 1.67–2.71* | 0.67 | 0.50–0.87* | 0.29 | 0.16–0.48* | 3.66 | 2.48–5.45* | 3.26 | 2.31–4.66* | 5.19 | 3.47–7.80* | 2.60 | 1.61–4.15* | |||
Level of education | 1.86 | 1.47–2.34* | 0.62 | 0.48–0.81* | 0.28 | 0.16–0.45* | 2.94 | 2.05–4.21* | 2.39 | 1.75–3.30* | 2.78 | 1.89–4.08* | 1.90 | 1.21–2.94* | |||
Religion | 1.81 | 1.43–2.29* | 0.58 | 0.44–0.76* | 0.35 | 0.21–0.55* | 3.20 | 2.21–4.64* | 2.93 | 2.12–4.08* | 3.37 | 2.28–4.97* | 2.46 | 1.57–3.82* | |||
Political view | 1.66 | 1.34–2.07* | 0.51 | 0.40–0.65* | 0.22 | 0.14–0.34* | 1.49 | 1.06–2.07* | 1.66 | 1.25–2.20* | 1.76 | 1.24–2.50* | 1.65 | 1.12–2.43* | |||
Place of work | 1.43 | 1.16–1.76* | 0.54 | 0.42–0.68* | 0.28 | 0.18–0.42* | 1.82 | 1.32–2.50* | 1.65 | 1.26–2.18* | 1.81 | 1.28–2.56* | 1.57 | 1.06–2.30* |
1Odds–ratio estimates of the response of agree/strongly agree with statements in the left column for different levels of the demographic variables.
*Denotes significant finding at α = 0.05.