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. 2023 Mar 7;14:1112513. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1112513

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Copyright © 2023 Hewavisenti, Arena, Ahlenstiel and Sasson

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Comparative diagram of in vivo / ex vivo gene deliveries. In-vivo gene delivery via the use of nanoparticles. Conjugation of the nanoparticle designed for the target cell and the siRNA designed against the targeted genetic material are applied to the patient based of disease characteristics (i.e topical application for HPV infected cervical cells). Ex-vivo gene delivery via the use of lentiviral vectors requiring the collection of patient cells, transduction with the constructed lentiviral vector before re-introduction of the transduced patient cells back into the patient. Created with BioRender.com.