TABLE 1.

Basic features of included studies

	Study name	Type	Number	Age	Dose	Endpoint	Study design	Tumor position
1	Cyrus Emir Alavi 2017 8	A	15	67	‐	Adductor muscle jerking	RCT	Lateral wall
		B	15	69.2	15 ml 1% lidocaine
2	Guven Erbay 2016 9	A	49	69.2	‐	Adductor muscle jerking	Retrospectively evaluate	Lateral wall
		C	47	69.6	10 ml 1% lidocaine
3	Zeki Tuncel Tekgül 2013 10	A	36	65.8	‐	Tumor recurrence	Retrospectively evaluate	Lateral wall
		B	32	67.1	10 ml 0.25% levobupivacaine
4	Deniz Bolat 2015 11	A	35	67.7	‐	Adductor muscle jerking	RCT	Lateral wall
		B	35	70.1	10 ml 0.25% levobupivacaine
5	Mohammad Hatef Khorrami 2010 12	A	30	61	‐	Leg jerking	RCT	Lateral wall
		D	30	62	10 ml 1% lidocaine
6	Kamil DARÇIN 2012 13	A	30	61.1	‐	Adductor muscle jerking	RCT	Lateral wall
		B	30	60.9	10 ml 3.75% levobupivacaine
7	Deepak Sharma 2017 14	B	20	66.4	10 ml 2% lignocaine+5 ml 0.5% bupivacaine	Resectability of tumor	RCT	Lateral wall
		E	20	63.6
8	Chao Han 2019 15	F	25	65.1	10 ml 0.5% bupivacaine	Adductor muscle jerking	RCT	Lateral wall
		G	25	64.1
9	Srilata Moningi 2014 16	B	30	58.6	10 ml 0.25% bupivacaine	Adductor muscle jerking	RCT	Lateral wall
		H	30	58.6
10	Recai Dagli 2019 17	B	28	61	10 ml 0.25% bupivacaine	Duration of the procedure	RCT	Lateral wall
		H	33	58.6
11	Youn Yi Jo 2011 18	B	50	64.5	10 ml 1% lidocaine	Success rate	RCT	Lateral wall
		H	51	62.4
12	Dawood Agha mohammadi 2017 19	H	35	63.23	10 ml 1% lidocaine	Success rate	RCT	Lateral wall
		B	35	67.49
13	Yong Beom Kim 2019 20	C	31	70	10 ml 1.5% lidocaine	Failure rate	RCT	Not mentioned
		F	31	68
14	Alberto Manassero 2012 21	F	25	70	10 ml 2% lidocaine	Duration of the procedure	RCT	Lateral wall
		C	25	66.5
15	Nida Farooq Shah 2017 22	F	30	53.87	10 ml 0.5% bupivacaine	Success rate	RCT	Lateral wall
		C	30	55.57
16	Mohammadhatef Khorrami 2012 23	D	34	55.4	15 ml 2% lidocaine	Leg jerking	RCT	Lateral wall
		A	31	57.8	15 ml physiologic saline
		E	47	58.4	15 ml 2% lidocaine
17	Cuneyd Sevinc 2021 24	A	30	64.3	‐	Adductor muscle jerking	Retrospectively evaluate	Lateral wall
		B	30	65.1	5 ml 2% prilocaine
18	Nici Markus Dreger 2021 25	A	58	71.8	‐	Adductor muscle jerking	Retrospectively evaluate	Lateral wall
		E	36	70.9	10–20 ml 2% lidocaine
19	Omer Gokhan Doluoglu 2021 26	A	53	64.3	‐	Tumor recurrence	RCT	Lateral wall
		C	51	64.6	10 ml 1% lidocaine
20	Gamal E. Abourjila 2020 27	A	39	61.3	‐	Adductor muscle jerking	RCT	Lateral wall
		C	35	65.2	10 ml 1% lidocaine
21	Dr.S. Narmatha Yangtse 2020 28	F	30	54.7	10 ml 0.5% bupivacaine	Success rate	RCT	Lateral wall
		C	30	53.6
22	Brijesh Tiwari 2022 29	C	25	65	10 ml 1.5% lidocaine	Success rate	RCT	Not mentioned
		F	25	67
23	Houman Teymourian1 2018 30	B	62	63.21	10 ml 1.5% lidocaine	Adductor muscle jerking	RCT	Not mentioned
		G	62	62.11
24	Ozan Horsanali 2021 31	A	55	66.02	‐	Tumor recurrence	Retrospectively evaluate	Lateral wall
		C	51	63.29	10 ml 2% lidocaine

Abbreviation: RCT, randomized controlled trial.