Table 2.

Preclinical studies of c-Met targeting therapy in urologic neoplasms.

Conditions	Interventions	Models	Results	Reference
Papillary RCC	Anti-c-Met CAR-T cells	Cell lines and mouse models	Anti-c-Met CAR-T cells significantly inhibited tumor growth.	J. I. Mori et al. (53)
RCC	Honokiol and Rapamycin	Cell lines and mouse models	The combination of rapamycin and honokiol can effectively down-regulate the phosphorylation of Akt induced by c-Met in RCC cells, significantly inhibit tumor cell proliferation.	A. Sabarwal et al. (54)
RCC	Piperlongumine	Cell lines	PL inhibits tumor progression by rapidly reducing c-Met protein and RNA levels.	K. Golovine et al. (55)
RCC	Axitinib and crizotinib	Mouse models	The combination of axitinib and crizotinib also significantly enhanced the antitumor efficacy.	E. Ciamporcero et al. (56)
PCa	foretinib (GSK1363089)	Cell lines	Fretinib inhibits PCa cell metastasis by promoting the reversal of EMT.	B. Yin, et al. (40)
PCa	2,3,5,6-Tetrahydrobenzo[d]thiazole Derivatives	Cell lines	It showed high tumor suppressive activity.	R. M. Mohareb et al. (57)
PCa	PHA665752/Olaparib	Cell lines	Combination therapy has a synergistic effect on the growth inhibition of PCa cell lines.	Z. Wang et al. (58)
PCa with bone metastasis	cabozantinib	Cell lines and mouse models	Cabozantinib inhibited the growth of intraosseous tumors, decreased tumor-induced osteolysis.	C. Lee et al. (59)
PCa	Heteronemin	Cell lines	Heteronemin can effectively antagonize HGF/c-Met/STAT3 activation and tumor proliferation in refractory PCa cells.	J. C. Wu et al. (60)
PCa with bone metastasis	Axitinib and crizotinib	Mouse models	The combination of axitinib and crizotinib can significantly inhibit the bone damage of tumor cells, thereby significantly reducing osteoblastic and osteolytic lesions.	J. Eswaraka et al. (61)
PCa	SU11274	Cell lines	The inhibition of c-Met by SU11274 can significantly inhibit the survival and proliferation of tumor cells and enhance their radiosensitivity.	H. Yu et al. (62)
PCa	BMS-777607	Cell lines	BMS-777607 treatment significantly inhibited the proliferation, clonality, migration and invasion of PCa cells.	Y. Dai et al. (63)
PCa	Evodiamine	Cell lines	By inhibiting the activation of c-Met/Src/STAT3 signaling axis, it can inhibit the survival, proliferation and angiogenesis of tumor cells.	S. T. Hwang et al. (64)
PCa	Quercetin	Cell lines	Quercetin can reverse doxorubicin resistance in PCa cells by down-regulating c-Met expression.	Y. Shu et al. (65)
PCa	Curcumin	Cell lines	Curcumin can reverse HGF-induced EMT.	H. J. Hu et al. (66)
PCa	HGF RabMAb	Mouse models	Anti-HGF RabMAb not only inhibited the growth of tumor cells, but also inhibited the HGF-dependent proliferation of tumor cells.	Y. Yu et al. (67)