Table 3. Frequencies of Each Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended Domain.
| Characteristic | Participants, No./total No. (%) [95% CI] | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| msTBI | mTBI | |||||||||
| 1 y (n = 145) | 2 y (n = 55) | 3 y (n = 112) | 4 y (n = 100) | 5 y (n = 69) | 1 y (n = 707) | 2 y (n = 210) | 3 y (n = 350) | 4 y (n = 410) | 5 y (n = 461) | |
| Independence in the home | ||||||||||
| No assistance | 111/145 (76) [69-83] | 48/55 (87) [75-95] | 95/112 (84) [76-91] | 86/100 (86) [77-92] | 57/69 (82) [71-90] | 704/707 (99) [99-100] | 206/210 (98) [95-100] | 347/350 (99) [97-100] | 403/410 (98) [96-99] | 454/461 (98) [97-99] |
| Infrequent assistance | 7/145 (5) [2-10] | 2/55 (4) [0-12] | 4/112 (3) [1-8] | 3/100 (3) [0-8] | 2/69 (3) [0-10] | 2/707 (0) [0-1] | 0/210 (0) [0-2] | 1/350 (0) [0-2] | 3/410 (1) [0-2] | 2/461 (0) [0-2] |
| Frequent assistance | 27/145 (19) [13-26] | 5/55 (9) [3-20] | 14/112 (12) [7-20] | 11/100 (11) [6-19] | 10/69 (15) [7-25] | 1/707 (0) [0-1] | 3/210 (2) [0-5] | 2/350 (1) [0-2] | 4/410 (1) [0-3] | 5/461 (1) [0-3] |
| Independence in shopping | ||||||||||
| No assistance | 108/145 (74) [66-81] | 46/55 (82) [70-91] | 93/112 (82) [74-89] | 85/100 (85) [77-92] | 58/69 (83) [72-91] | 704/707 (100) [99-100] | 204/210 (98) [94-99] | 347/350 (99) [97-100] | 403/410 (98) [96-99] | 453/461 (98) [97-99] |
| Assistance | 37/145 (26) [19-34] | 10/55 (18) [9-30] | 20/112 (18) [11-26] | 15/100 (15) [8-23] | 12/69 (17) [9-28] | 4/707 (0) [0-1] | 5/210 (2) [1-6] | 3/350 (1) [0-3] | 7/410 (2) [1-4] | 8/461 (2) [1-3] |
| Independent in traveling | ||||||||||
| No assistance | 107/145 (74) [66-81] | 45/55 (81) [68-90] | 95/112 (84) [76-91] | 87/100 (87) [78-93] | 58/69 (84) [73-92] | 701/707 (99) [98-100] | 204/210 (98) [94-99] | 345/350 (98) [96-99] | 401/410 (98) [96-99] | 451/461 (98) [96-99] |
| Assistance | 38/145 (26) [19-34] | 11/55 (19) [10-32] | 17/112 (16) [9-24] | 13/100 (13) [7-22] | 11/69 (16) [8-27] | 6/707 (1) [0-2] | 5/210 (2) [1-6] | 5/350 (2) [1-4] | 9/410 (2) [1-4] | 10/461 (2) [1-4] |
| Work | ||||||||||
| No deficit | 66/136 (49) [40-57] | 29/52 (56) [42-70] | 57/102 (55) [45-65] | 48/93 (52) [41-62] | 31/66 (48) [35-61] | 479/595 (80) [77-84] | 134/167 (80) [73-86] | 239/290 (82) [78-87] | 286/339 (84) [80-88] | 350/399 (88) [84-91] |
| Reduced capacity | 17/136 (13) [8-20] | 8/52 (16) [7-29] | 16/102 (16) [9-25] | 13/93 (14) [7-22] | 9/66 (14) [7-25] | 75/595 (13) [10-15] | 20/167 (12) [8-18] | 29/290 (10) [7-14] | 36/339 (10) [7-14] | 26/399 (6) [4-9] |
| Noncompetitive/unable to work | 53/136 (39) [30-47] | 14/52 (27) [16-42] | 29/102 (29) [20-38] | 32/93 (35) [25-45] | 25/66 (38) [26-51] | 42/595 (7) [5-9] | 13/167 (8) [4-13] | 22/290 (8) [5-11] | 17/339 (5) [3-8] | 23/399 (6) [4-9] |
| Social/leisure functioning | ||||||||||
| No deficit | 80/145 (55) [46-63] | 33/55 (59) [45-72] | 58/112 (51) [42-61] | 52/100 (52) [42-62] | 32/69 (46) [34-59] | 573/707 (81) [78-84] | 143/210 (68) [62-75] | 252/350 (72) [67-77] | 284/410 (69) [65-74] | 347/461 (75) [71-79] |
| A bit less | 26/145 (18) [12-25] | 9/55 (16) [7-28] | 17/112 (15) [9-23] | 13/100 (13) [7-21] | 7/69 (10) [4-20] | 75/707 (11) [8-13] | 30/210 (14) [10-20] | 50/350 (14) [11-19] | 52/410 (13) [10-16] | 46/461 (10) [7-13] |
| Much less | 20/145 (14) [8-20] | 7/55 (13) [5-25] | 20/112 (17) [11-26] | 23/100 (23) [15-32] | 20/69 (30) [19-42] | 42/707 (6) [4-8] | 30/210 (14) [10-20] | 39/350 (11) [8-15] | 51/410 (12) [9-16] | 49/461 (11) [8-14] |
| Unable | 20/145 (14) [9-20] | 7/55 (13) [5-25] | 18/112 (16) [10-24] | 12/100 (12) [7-21] | 10/69 (14) [7-25] | 17/707 (2) [1-4] | 7/210 (3) [1-7] | 9/350 (2) [1-5] | 23/410 (6) [4-8] | 19/461 (4) [3-7] |
| Family disruption | ||||||||||
| No disruption | 86/145 (59) [51-67] | 32/55 (58) [44-71] | 66/112 (59) [49-68] | 60/100 (60) [50-70] | 40/69 (57) [45-69] | 510/707 (72) [69-75] | 128/210 (61) [54-68] | 236/350 (67) [62-72] | 293/410 (71) [67-76] | 345/461 (75) [71-79] |
| Occasional | 12/145 (8) [4-14] | 12/55 (22) [12-36] | 13/112 (12) [6-19] | 18/100 (18) [11-27] | 10/69 (15) [7-25] | 73/707 (10) [8-13] | 39/210 (18) [13-24] | 48/350 (14) [10-18] | 38/410 (9) [7-12] | 59/461 (13) [10-16] |
| Frequent | 34/145 (23) [17-31] | 6/55 (10) [4-21] | 23/112 (20) [13-29] | 14/100 (14) [8-23] | 13/69 (18) [10-30] | 94/707 (13) [11-16] | 27/210 (13) [9-18] | 49/350 (14) [11-18] | 55/410 (13) [10-17] | 47/461 (10) [8-13] |
| Constant | 14/145 (9) [5-15] | 5/55 (9) [3-20] | 10/112 (9) [4-16] | 8/100 (8) [3-15] | 7/69 (10) [4-19] | 30/707 (4) [3-6] | 17/210 (8) [5-12] | 17/350 (5) [3-8] | 25/410 (6) [4-9] | 10/461 (2) [1-4] |
| Other disabling symptoms | ||||||||||
| No impact | 46/145 (32) [24-40] | 18/55 (32) [20-46] | 33/112 (29) [21-39] | 30/100 (30) [21-40] | 21/69 (30) [20-42] | 345/706 (49) [45-53] | 93/210 (45) [38-52] | 152/350 (43) [38-49] | 182/410 (44) [40-49] | 243/461 (53) [48-57] |
| Some impact | 99/145 (68) [60-76] | 38/55 (68) [54-80] | 79/112 (71) [61-79] | 70/100 (70) [60-79] | 48/69 (70) [58-80] | 360/706 (51) [47-55] | 116/210 (55) [48-62] | 198/350 (57) [51-62] | 228/410 (56) [51-60] | 218/461 (47) [43-52] |
Abbreviations: msTBI, moderate-severe traumatic brain injury; mTBI, mild traumatic brain injury; OTC, orthopedic trauma control.