Table. Bias and Accuracy Root Mean Square (ARMS) by Categorized Pulse Oximetry (SpO₂) Range^a.

Variable	Overall			SpO2
				≥92%			84%-91%			<84%
	Black/African American	White	Between-group difference	Black/African American	White	Between-group difference	Black/African American	White	Between-group difference	Black/African American	White	Between-group difference
No.	201	573	NA	139	407	NA	44	117	NA	18	49	NA
Adjusted bias (95% CI)b	2.61 (2.19-3.04)	0.88 (0.63-1.13)	1.73 (1.24-2.22)	2.46 (2.37-2.54)	0.79 (0.74-0.85)	1.66 (1.56-1.76)	2.84 (2.65-3.04)	1.07 (0.96-1.19)	1.77 (1.54-2.00)	2.88 (2.53-3.23)	1.29 (1.08-1.50)	1.59 (1.18-1.99)
ARMSc	4.36	3.01	NA	3.60	2.55	NA	4.50	3.40	NA	7.93	5.00	NA

Abbreviations: NA, not applicable; SaO₂, arterial blood oxygen saturation.

^a A multivariable linear regression model was used to model the association between race and bias, adjusting for patient characteristics (age, sex, blood pressure, temperature, hemoglobin, and medication use). Note: SpO2 was not included as a covariate in the regression model for bias. Predicted bias from the multivariable model was obtained for SpO₂ categories.

^b Bias = SpO₂ − SaO₂.