Table 5.

Comparison of turnover numbers as observed in different studies using electrochemical regeneration methods.

Electrode	Catalyst/mediator	Substrate	TNcofactor	Ref.
ZrO2-coated FTO	Cp*RhIII(bpy complex	CO2	79[a]	[162]
glassy carbon	cobaltocene modified PAA/Diaphorse	formaldehyde	5.2[b]	[161]
Bucky paper	Cp*RhIII(bpy complex	d-fructose	2.6[a]	[160]
carbon paper	ethyl carboxy viologen/diaphorase	pyruvate	<1[b]	[172]
ITO	ferredoxin NADP reductase	pyruvate	936[a]	[184]
Cu	Cp*RhIII(bpy complex	CO2	6.4[b]	[156]
carbon cloth	cobaltocene modified PAA/Diaphorse	ethyl 4-chloroacetoacetate	30[b]	[196]
graphite	MV2+/AMAPOR	2-oxoglutarate/NH4+	1000[a]	[197]
carbon plate	MV2+/diaphorase	pyruvic acid/CO2	18000[a]	[198]
Au-Hg	MV2+/diaphorase	benzoylformate	158[a]	[199]
carbon Felt	Cp*RhIII(bpy complex	acetophenone	64[a]	[200]
glassy carbon	BPV-LPEI/diaphorase	acetoacetyl coenzyme A	8[b]	[201]

^[a]Used directly from reference

^[b]Calculated from data provided in reference.