Skip to main content
. 2023 Mar 17;18:341–348. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S394832

Table 3.

Factors Associated with a History of Previously Performed Spirometry or PEF (n=479) in a Full Model Comprising All Co-Variates Presented as Odds Ratios (OR) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CI)

Factors All (n=1062) Males (n=528) Females (n=534)
OR 95% CI OR 95% CI OR 95% CI
Current smoking 0.83 (0.57–1.20) 0.94 (0.56–1.59) 0.74 (0.44–1.25)
Former smoking 1.27 (0.96–1.67) 1.35 (0.91–1.99) 1.23 (0.82–1.83)
Gender F vs M 0.67 (0.51–0.86)
Age 1.02 (0.99–1.05) 1.02 (0.98–1.06) 1.02 (0.98–1.07)
Occupational exposure to VGDF 1.72 (1.30–2.27) 1.56 (1.09–2.25) 1.98 (1.27–3.08)
Wheeze 2.29 (1.41–3.70) 1.98 (1.02–3.85) 2.72 (1.36–5.44)
Dyspnea 1.70 (1.11–2.60) 1.52 (0.74–3.13) 1.77 (1.05–2.98)

Note: Bold text indicates statistical significance.

Abbreviation: VGDF, vapor, gas, dust or fumes.