Table 1. Sex-specific characteristics according to UACR tertile.

	Korean women
Variable	T1	T2	T3	p-value
Unweighted participants, n	2,325	2,324	2,332
Age, years	55.3 ± 0.22	57.6 ± 0.23	62.5 ± 0.23	<0.001
Systolic BP, mmHg	116.1 ± 0.32	119.6 ± 0.35	128.8 ± 0.35	<0.001
Antihypertensive medication, n	424 (18.2)	596 (25.6)	982 (42.1)	<0.001
Diabetes, n	120 (5.2)	180 (7.7)	374 (16)	<0.001
Current smoker, n	79 (3.4)	84 (3.6)	83 (3.6)	0.917
Total cholesterol, mg/dL	197.7 ± 0.74	197.1 ± 0.75	199.3 ± 0.75	<0.001
HDL-cholesterol, mg/dL	52.9 ± 0.25	52.5 ± 0.25	50.3 ± 0.25	<0.001
Urine albumin, mg/dL	0.2 ± 0	0.7 ± 0.01	4.7 ± 0.01	<0.001
Urine creatinine, mg/dL	101.6 ± 1.15	129.2 ± 1.45	115.5 ± 1.44	<0.001
UACR, mg/g	1.5 ± 0.02	5.1 ± 0.03	52.4 ± 0.03	<0.001
FRS	0.065 ± 0.001	0.079 ± 0.001	0.126 ± 0.001	<0.001
	Korean men
Unweighted participants, n	1,669	1,669	1,675
Age, years	56.6 ± 0.27	57.9 ± 0.27	62.5 ± 0.27	<0.001
Systolic BP, mmHg	119.3 ± 0.36	121.8 ± 0.38	128.8 ± 0.38	<0.001
Antihypertensive medication, n	323 (19.4)	403 (24.1)	675 (40.3)	<0.001
Diabetes, n	98 (5.9)	135 (8.1)	414 (24.7)	<0.001
Current smoker, n	556 (33.3)	617 (37)	594 (35.5)	0.085
Total cholesterol, mg/dL	189.5 ± 0.84	190.1 ± 0.81	186.4 ± 0.81	<0.001
HDL-cholesterol, mg/dL	47.4 ± 0.28	47.3 ± 0.28	46.3 ± 0.28	<0.001
Urine albumin, mg/dL	0.2 ± 0	0.7 ± 0.01	9.9 ± 0.01	<0.001
Urine creatinine, mg/dL	142 ± 1.66	176.2 ± 1.95	155.3 ± 1.94	0.999
UACR, mg/g	1.1 ± 0.02	4 ± 0.03	80.9 ± 0.03	<0.001
FRS	0.161 ± 0.003	0.185 ± 0.003	0.272 ± 0.003	<0.001

Continuous and categorical variables are presented as mean ± standard error and number (percent), respectively. p-values for the association of continuous variables with UACR were calculated using ANOVA and those for categorical variables were calculated using the Chi-square test.

Abbreviations: UACR, urinary albumin-creatinine ratio; BP, blood pressure; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; FRS, Framingham risk score.