Table 3.
Analysis of determinants for non-diagnostic pediatric salivary gland FNA.
| Characteristic | Diagnostic FNA (n=88) | Non-diagnostic FNA (n=18) | P value* |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean [range]) (y) | 13.1 (0–21) | 13.4 (0–21) | 0.276 |
| Male:female | 43:45 | 8:10 | 0.606 |
| Anatomic site | |||
| Parotid | 64/88, 73% | 16/18, 89% | 0.233 |
| Submandibular | 22/88, 25% | 2/18, 11% | 0.233 |
| Other | 2/88, 2% | 0/18, 0 | 1 |
| Size (mean [range]) (cm) | 2.5 (0.5–7.3) | 2.9 (1.2–7.1) | 0.610 |
| Type of FNA procedure | |||
| Palpation-guided | 39/78, 50% | 13/16, 81% | 0.028 |
| Ultrasound-guided | 37/78, 47% | 3/16, 19% | 0.051 |
| CT-guided | 2/78, 3% | 0/16, 0 | 1 |
| FNA proceduralist | |||
| Cytopathologist | 37/78, 47% | 12/16, 75% | 0.056 |
| Interventional radiologist | 34/78, 44% | 4/16, 25% | 0.263 |
| Otolaryngologist | 7/78, 9% | 0/16, 0 | 0.599 |
| FNA procedure location | |||
| Outpatient clinic | 39/78, 50% | 11/15, 73% | 0.156 |
| Radiology suite | 35/78, 45% | 4/15, 73% | 0.257 |
| Operating room | 4/78, 5% | 0/15, 0 | 1 |
| Sedation | 26/77, 34% | 3/15, 20% | 0.374 |
| ROSE performed | 73/77, 95% | 16/18, 89% | 1 |
| Inadequate | 24/73, 33% | 15/16, 94% | <0.001 |
| FNA passes (mean [range]) | 2.8 (1–7) | 2.9 (1–4) | 0.667 |
| Malignancy | |||
| Based on histologic follow-up | 15/49, 31% | 0/5, 0 | 0.306 |
| Based on all follow-up* | 17/84, 20% | 0/17, 0 | 0.069 |
| Neoplasm | |||
| Based on histologic follow-up | 33/49, 67% | 3/5, 60% | 1 |
| Based on all follow-up* | 35/84, 42% | 3/17, 18% | 0.098 |
| Cystic, vascular or diffuse lesions | |||
| Based on histologic follow-up | 4/49, 8% | 1/5, 20% | 0.397 |
| Based on all follow-up* | 18/84, 21% | 9/17, 53% | 0.014 |
FNA, fine‐needle aspiration; ROSE, rapid onsite evaluation;
*
Mann–Whitney U test was used for analysis of patient age and lesion size, whereas Fisher’s exact test was used for analysis of all other parameters.