Fig. 1.

Key Variables during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Note: This figure presents quarter-over-quarter growth real GDP, growth in real world imports, daily reported COVID-19 deaths and cases per 100,000 people, and the level of the Oxford Stringency Index. Global, advanced economy (AE), and emerging market and develop economy (EMDE) aggregates are averages of the individual countries weighted by 2019 PPP GDP (IMF 2021). Country groups are defined in Appendix Table 1. This figure uses data from CEIC, Ritchie et al. (2020), Dong et al. (2020), Hale et al. (2021), IMF (2021), and IFS (2022a, 2022b).