Table 3.
Echocardiographic Assessments in Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19 Over Time (N = 110)a
| Variable | Day 1 (N = 110) | Day 3 (n = 109) | Day 8 (n = 102) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LV systolic dysfunction, %b | 42.2 (38 of 90) | 45.1 (32 of 71) | 36.2 (21 of 58) | .416 |
| LVEF, % | 62 (52-69) | 62 (56-67) | 65 (58-73) | < .001 |
| LV longitudinal strain, % | 16.0 (13.7-19.1) | 16.0 (12.3-20.1) | 18.2 (14.8-20.0) | .085 |
| RV dysfunction, %b | 64.2 (52 of 81) | 68.7 (46 of 67) | 67.4 (31 of 46) | .820 |
| RV fractional area change, % | 38.8 (32.8-47.5) | 40.3 (32.9-45.8) | 42.7 (36.6-49.1) | .368 |
| RV free-wall strain, % | 19.2 (12.3-24.9) | 18.3 (12.0-23.1) | 20.8 (14.0-26.4) | .327 |
| Tricuspid annulus systolic plane excursion | 2.0 (1.7-2.3) | 2.0 (1.7-2.2) | 2.0 (1.6-2.2) | .264 |
| RV to LV ratio | 0.90 (0.78-0.97) | 0.89 (0.75-1.03) | 0.90 (0.81-1.06) | .038 |
| IVC collapsibility index | 0.21 (0.12-0.51) | 0.32 (0.11-0.57) | 0.44 (0.18-0.65) | .167 |
| Presence of DVT on ultrasound, % | 2.1 | 2.4 | 3.1 | .999 |
Data are presented as median (interquartile range), unless otherwise indicated. IVC = inferior vena cava; LV = left ventricle; LVEF = left ventricular ejection fraction; RV = right ventricle.
a
Tests of significance are unadjusted for multiple comparisons. Strain is converted to absolute value.
b
Proportion of patients with right ventricular and with left ventricular dysfunction are reported, followed by the number of abnormal measurements among patients with interpretable function.