Table 3.
Research on fertilization and phytochemical profile in Brassicaceae microgreens.
| Treatments | Species/Cultivars | Effects on bioactive compounds | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| a) ½ strength Hoagland solution in microgreens | Rocket (Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav. subsp. sativa (Mill.) Thell.) | Nutritional requirements are lower in microgreens compared to their mature counterpart. | Bulgari et al. (2017) |
| b) ½ strength Hoagland solution in baby leaf | Chlorophylls, carotenoids, phenols, and anthocyanins contents were lower in microgreens. | ||
| c) ½ strength Hoagland solution in adult stages | |||
| a) ¼ strength Hoagland solution | Wild rocket Napoli (Diplotaxis tenuifolia) | Without fertilization: | El-Nakhel et al. (2021) |
| b) Distilled water | Green Brussels sprouts Mezzo Nano (Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera) | Wild rocket: | |
| Green cabbage Copenhagen (Brassica L. oleracea var. capitata) | ↑ total ascorbic acid, anthocyanins, lutein and β-carotene | ||
| ↓ yield, ↓ total phenolic acids | |||
| Brussel sprouts: | |||
| No differences | |||
| Cabbage: | |||
| ↑ total ascorbic acid, anthocyanins | |||
| a) 100% Hoagland solution | Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) | With decreasing nutrient supplementation in: | Keutgen et al. (2021) |
| b) 50% Hoagland solution | Garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.) | Radish cotyledons: | |
| c) 25% Hoagland solution | ↓ carotenoids, chlorophyll, total phenols | ||
| d) Tap water | Radish stems: | ||
| e) Demineralized tap water | ↑ anthocyanins, total phenols | ||
| Garden cress: | |||
| ↑ anthocyanins | |||
| ↓ carotenoids, chlorophyll | |||
| = total phenols | |||
| Nutrient deprivation before harvest (DBH): | Mustard cv. Osaka purple (Brassica juncea (L.) Czern) | With nutrient deprivation before harvest in: | Kyriacou et al. (2021) |
| a) 0 days DBH | Rocket cv. Wild Rocket, Napoli (Diplotaxis tenuifolia) | Mustard: | |
| b) 6 days DBH | = total phenolic content | ||
| c) 12 days DBH | ↓ carotenoids | ||
| Rocket: | |||
| ↓ total phenolic content, carotenoids | |||
| 1.a) ½ strength Hoagland solution | Broccoli raab var. ‘Cima di rapa novantina’ (Brassica rapa L. subsp. sylvestris L. Janch. var esculenta Hort) | Decreasing strengths of nutrient solutions: | Palmitessa et al. (2020) |
| 1.b) ¼ strength Hoagland solution | Broccoli cv ‘Broccolo natalino’ (Brassica oleracea L. var. itálica) | = yield (except 1/8 strength in broccoli raab) | |
| 1.c) ⅛ strength Hoagland solution | Cauliflower cv ‘Cavolfiore violetto’ (Brassica oleracea L.var. botrytis) | ↓ seedling height | |
| 2.a) 5:95 NH4:NO3 molar ratio ½ strength Hoagland solution | Different NH4:NO3 molar ratios: | ||
| 2.b) 15:85 NH4:NO3 molar ratio ½ strength Hoagland solution | = α-tocopherol | ||
| 2.c) 25:75 NH4:NO3 molar ratio ½ strength Hoagland solution | ↑ β-carotene with 25:75 NH4:NO3 | ||
| a) Calcium chloride (CaCl2) 10 mM pre-harvest | Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) | Pre-harvest calcium applications: | Sun et al. (2015) |
| b) Water | ↑ glucosinolates level (aliphatics and indolics) | Lu et al. (2018) |