TABLE 2.

Summary of study characteristics

Article	Origin	Study Design	Study population	Name of intervention	Rationale and theory	Definition of self‐management in the context of the study	Intervention	Provider of intervention	Modes of delivery	Location	Delivery /timepoints	Tailoring of intervention
O'Brien et al 25	Australia	RCT	n = 62 Mean Age: Control 71·7 / Intervention 71·3 Sex: Female 30 Male 32 Wound Type: Venous Ulceration Median Wound Duration: Control 14 weeks / Intervention 16 weeks	Keep it up & Taking care of your legs	Social Cognitive Theory	Home‐based exercise programme facilitated by telephone management	Home‐based exercise programme supported by goal setting and regular contact with nursing staff	Research nurse	‐Initially a Face to face appointment ‐Follow up Telephone calls ‐Supplementary written guidance (booklet/worksheets/pedometer)	Home‐based	12‐week program Including telephone calls (Weeks −1,2,4,6,8,12)	Titrated ‐ Progressive resistance exercise program Only graduated to the next level upon successful completion of the current level for at least 3 days
Kelechi et al 27	USA	RCT	n = 24 Mean Age: Control 60.7 / Intervention 69.1 Sex: Female 10 Male 14 Wound Type: Venous Ulceration Mean Wound Duration: Control 35 Months / Intervention 27.1 Months	FOOTFIT & FOOTFIT+	Information not provided	Self‐managed exercise intervention to strengthen the lower extremities of minimally ambulatory patients with VLUs	Exercise programme supported by an app that allows patient‐provider communication feature	Study coordinator (Professional status not reported)	Initial Face to face appointment FOOTFIT‐Supplementary Bluetooth enabled triaxial accelerometer and app (BEAT). FOOTFIT+ Supplementary Mobile application also including an additional patient‐provider communication feature.	Home Based	Baseline + Week 6	Titrated‐progressive exercises
Heinen et al 24	Netherlands	RCT	n = 184 Mean Age: Control 67 / Intervention 65 Sex: Female 74 Male 110 Wound Type: Venous or mixed aetiology ulcer Mean Wound Duration: Control 7.3 Months / Intervention 7.0 Months	Lively Legs	Social Cognitive Theory	Physical activity behaviours and adherence to compression therapy	Nurse‐led self‐management counselling programme	Nurses – Trained as health counsellors	Face to Face	Clinic Based	Baseline Week two Week four Six months (3 additional appointments could take place should a patient require extra assistance)	Personalised‐ goals were set tailored to the individual patient needs and opportunities.
Mościcka et al 30	Poland	Retrospective cohort analysis.	n = 351 Mean Age: 64.5 Years Sex: Female 232 Male 119 Wound Type: Venous Ulceration Median Wound Duration: 26.63 ± 20.66 weeks	N/A	N/A	The application of compression therapy	Educational activities focusing on disease management in addition to regular check‐ups with doctors and nurses	Nurse	Face to face	Clinic Based	12‐weeks program ‐one session per week for the first month ‐one session every 2 weeks for the second month (If ulcer unhealed education continued at all follow up appointments)	Standardised Program
Miller et al 26	Australia	Prospective single sample cohort study	n = 49 Mean Age: 76.1 Sex: Female 37 Male 12 Wound Type: leg ulcer (not defined) Average Wound Duration: 26.63 Months	Leg Ulcer Prevention Program	N/A	Healthy lifestyle behaviours including: Leg Ulcer Treatment Activity and Exercise Skin Care Nutrition and Hydration Compression stockings for recurrence prevention	Standardised e‐Learning client education package delivering best practice recommendations for venous leg ulcer management in addition to nurse‐led education.	Nurse (provided with training prior to being involved)	Face to face & e‐Learning Supplementary summary sheet and worksheet activity to reinforce the learning.	Clinic Based	6‐week program ‐One session per week for 6 weeks	Standardised Program
Kelechi et al 29	USA	Comparative study	n = 24 Mean Age: Control 65.8 / Intervention 64.8 Sex: Female 8 Male 13 Wound Type: Venous, arterial, and neuropathic leg or foot ulcers (91% venous ulcers) Age of ulcer in months: 0–6: 23% 7–12: 9% 13–18: 4% 19–24: 13% >25: 38%	MECALF	Developed based on previous work evaluating Motivational enhancement	adopt physical activity habits that improve leg condition, reduce pain, and enhance overall health.	Exercise program supported by motivational enhancement and supplementary learning materials.	Nurses (provided with training prior to being involved)	Face to face Supplementary written guidance (brochure)	Clinic Based	6‐week program −10 minutes of the intervention at each wound care visit	Personalised program
Suehiro et al 28	Japan	Retrospective cohort study	n = 41 Mean Age: 68 Sex: Female 22 male 14 Wound Type: Venous Ulceration Median Wound Duration: 0.6 years	N/A	N/A	self‐care‐based strategy involving “no‐ intentional‐stretch” bandaging technique	Education and assessment of compression management application.	Clinicians (Type of clinicians not stated)	Face to face	Clinic Based	Every 1–2 weeks until compression application skills mastered Once skills gained every 1–3 months	Standardised Program