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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Mar 22.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2022 Oct 28;71:102224. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.102224

Figure 2. Examples of measuring and perturbing kinase activity in real time.

Figure 2.

A, Using the FRET-based mTORC1 activity reporter TORCAR with local inhibition of Akt using the genetically encoded Akt inhibitor, Akt-STOPS, it was found that nuclear Akt signaling regulates nuclear mTORC1 activation through the recruitment of the mTORC1 subunit Raptor.

B, The ERK reporter, ERK KTR, was used to reveal that apoptotic cells induce ERK activity waves in epithelial monolayers. Through optogenetic regulation of ERK activity using OptoFGFR, it was found that these pulses of ERK activity enhance cell survival.