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. 2023 Mar 21;23:171. doi: 10.1186/s12879-023-08122-1

Table 4.

Accuracy of surveillance data and disagreement between longitudinal study and surveillance data

No. of cases according to surveillance system No. of cases detected according to the longitudinal study
Non HAIs HAIsϮ Not VAP VAPϯ Not SSI SSIф Not BSI BSI2 Not UTI UTI1
No 295 34 360 4 366 15 367 15 368 5
Yes 62 54 27 13 9 14 10 12 21 10
Sensitivity % (95% CI*) 61.4 (56.8, 65.9) 76.5 (72.3, 80.6) 48.3 (43.4, 53.1) 44.4 (39.6, 49.3) 66.7 (62.1, 71.3)
Specificity% (95% CI) 82.6 (79.1, 86.1) 93.1 (90.6, 95.5) 97.6 (96.1, 99.1) 97.4 (95.8, 98.9) 94.6 (92.4, 96.8)
PPV% (95% CI) 46.5 (41.9, 51.2) 32.5 (27.9, 37.1) 60.9 (56.1, 65.6) 54.5 (49.7, 59.4) 32.3 (27.7, 36.8)
NPVɠ% (95% CI) 89.7 (86.8, 92.5) 98.9 (97.9, 99.9) 96.1 (94.2, 98.1) 96.1 (94.2, 98.1) 98.7 (97.5, 99.8)
Kappaɰ (95% CI) 0.4 (0.30, 0.48) 0.42 (0.33, 0.51) 0.51 (0.41, 0.60) 0.46 (0.36, 0.55) 0.41 (0.31, 0.05)

PPV: positive predictive value; ɠNPV: negative predictive value; ɰKappa: Cohen’s kappa; ϮHAIs: healthcare-associated infections; ϯVAP: possible ventilator-associated pneumonia; фSSI: surgical site infection; 2BSI: bloodstream infection; 1UTI: urinary tract infection; *CI: confidence intervals