Table 1.

Range of motion severity ratings by joint muscle action (degrees)

Joint	Muscle Action	Contracture Severity
		Mild	Moderate	Severe	Expected19,21
Shoulder	Flexion	120 to 180	60 to 119	<60	180
	Extension	32 to 50	16 to 31	<16	50
	Abduction	120 to 180	60 to 119	<60	180
	Adduction	32 to 50	16 to 31	<16	50
Hip	Flexion	67 to 100	34 to 66	<34	100
	Extension	20 to 30	10 to 19	<10	30
	Abduction	26 to 40	13 to 25	<13	40
	Adduction	13 to 20	7 to 12	<7	20
Elbow	Flexion	93 to 140	46 to 92	<46	140
	Extension	140 to 93	−46 to 92	>−46	0
	Pronation	53 to 80	26 to 52	<26	80
	Supination	53 to 80	34 to 66	<26	80
Knee	Flexion	100 to 150	50 to 99	<50	150
	Extension	−150 to 100	−99 to 50	>−50	0
Wrist	Flexion	40 to 59	20 to 39	<20	60
	Extension	40 to 59	20 to 39	<20	60
	Radial DV	13 to 19	6 to 12	<6	20
	Ulnar DV	20 to 29	10 to 19	<10	30
Ankle	Dorsiflexion	13 to 19	6 to 12	<6	20
	Plantarflexion	26 to 39	13 to 25	<13	40
	Inversion	20 to 29	10 to 19	<10	30
Neck	Extension	50 to 74	25 to 49	<25	75
	Rotation (L and R)	53 to 80	26 to 52	<26	80
	Lateral flexion (L and R)	30 to 44	15 to 29	<15	45
Lumbar	Forward flexion	53 to 79	26 to 52	<26	60
	Extension	40 to 59	20 to 39	<20	0
	Lateral flexion	16 to 24	8 to 15	<8	25
Thoracic	Forward flexion	16 to 24	8 to 15	<8	60
	Rotation (L and R)	20 to 29	10 to 19	<10	30

DV, deviation; L, left; R, right.