Table 1. Descriptive indices, associations with age and gender, factor analysis loadings, and reliability indices of the 25 S-Five items (N = 772).
| S-Five-E statements per factor |
mean (sd) |
median (Q1-Q3) |
mode (min-max) |
Age rho |
Gender difference mean (se)‡ |
loadings EFA (CFA) a |
Psi (95% CI) |
ICC |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Externalising | ||||||||
| I06 Others avoid making noises | 4.8 (3.3) | 5 (2–8) | 0 (0–10) | **0.11 | 0.40 (0.2) | 0.67 (0.73) | 0.81 (0.8,1) | 0.86 |
| I13 Others should not make sounds | 4.1 (3.3) | 4 (1–7) | 0 (0–10) | 0.06 | 0.35 (0.2) | 0.82 (0.76) | 0.80 (0.8,1) | 0.86 |
| I16 Others selfish | 2.9 (3.0) | 2 (0–5) | 0 (0–10) | -0.04 | 0.36 (0.2) | 0.69 (0.82) | 0.80 (0.8,1) | 0.86 |
| I21 Others bad manners | 4.9 (3.3) | 5 (2–8) | 10 (0–10) | -0.03 | 0.12 (0.2) | 0.94 (0.76) | 0.79 (0.8,1) | 0.85 |
| I25 Others disrespectful | 2.7 (3.0) | 1 (0–5) | 0 (0–10) | -0.01 | 0.38 (0.2) | 0.67 (0.73) | 0.80 (0.8,1) | 0.86 |
| Internalising | ||||||||
| I05 Respect myself less | 0.9 (2.0) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–10) | **-0.12 | -0.01 (0.1) | 0.83 (0.79) | 0.75 (0.7,1) | 0.84 |
| I08 Unlikeable person | 1.2 (2.1) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–10) | **-0.22 | -0.21 (0.2) | 0.89 (0.85) | 0.77 (0.7,1) | 0.85 |
| I12 Angry person inside | 1.6 (2.5) | 0 (0–2) | 0 (0–10) | **-0.17 | -0.21 (0.2) | 0.82 (0.86) | 0.78 (0.8,1) | 0.85 |
| I18 Bad person inside | 1.2 (2.2) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–10) | **-0.24 | -0.29 (0.2) | 0.66 (0.87) | 0.77 (0.7,1) | 0.85 |
| I19 Dislike self | 1.4 (2.4) | 0 (0–2) | 0 (0–10) | **-0.20 | -0.07 (0.2) | 0.82 (0.83) | 0.78 (0.8,1) | 0.85 |
| Impact | ||||||||
| I01 Do not meet friends | 0.6 (1.4) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–10) | **-0.12 | 0.05 (0.1) | 0.55 (0.61) | 0.75 (0.7,1) | 0.84 |
| I09 Eventually isolated | 0.9 (1.9) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–10) | **-0.15 | -0.09 (0.1) | 0.71 (0.91) | 0.76 (0.7,1) | 0.84 |
| I14 Avoid places | 1.3 (2.3) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–10) | -0.05 | -0.03 (0.2) | 0.66 (0.67) | 0.76 (0.7,1) | 0.84 |
| I15 Cannot do everyday things | 0.8 (1.7) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–10) | **-0.10 | -0.06 (0.1) | 0.60 (0.91) | 0.75 (0.7,1) | 0.84 |
| I20 Limited job opportunities | 0.5 (1.4) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–10) | **-0.14 | -0.13 (0.1) | 0.38 (0.68) | 0.74 (0.7,1) | 0.84 |
| Outburst | ||||||||
| I04 Verbally aggressive | 1.7 (2.4) | 1 (0–2) | 0 (0–10) | **-0.22 | -0.12 (0.2) | 0.55 (0.78) | 0.78 (0.8,1) | 0.85 |
| I17 Physically aggressive | 0.8 (1.6) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–10) | -0.07 | *0.21 (0.1) | 0.73 (0.77) | 0.74 (0.7,1) | 0.84 |
| I22 Violence | 0.5 (1.3) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–9) | **-0.14 | 0.13 (0.1) | 0.56 (0.72) | 0.71 (0.7,1) | 0.83 |
| I23 Shout at people | 1.8 (2.6) | 1 (0–3) | 0 (0–10) | **-0.12 | -0.01 (0.2) | 0.65 (0.73) | 0.79 (0.8,1) | 0.85 |
| I24 Afraid of outburst | 0.6 (1.5) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–9) | **-0.13 | 0.13 (0.1) | 0.56 (0.69) | 0.73 (0.7,1) | 0.83 |
| Threat | ||||||||
| I02 Panic or explode | 2.3 (2.9) | 1 (0–4) | 0 (0–10) | **-0.18 | -0.39 (0.2) | 0.73 (0.82) | 0.82 (0.8,1) | 0.86 |
| I03 Feel helpless | 2.2 (2.9) | 1 (0–4) | 0 (0–10) | **-0.14 | -0.26 (0.2) | 0.80 (0.87) | 0.82 (0.8,1) | 0.86 |
| I07 Feel anxious | 3.0 (3.3) | 2 (0–5) | 0 (0–10) | **-0.14 | -0.42 (0.2) | 0.66 (0.88) | 0.84 (0.8,1) | 0.87 |
| I10 Experience distress | 4.0 (3.3) | 3 (1–7) | 0 (0–10) | **-0.14 | -0.11 (0.2) | 0.77 (0.79) | 0.84 (0.8,1) | 0.87 |
| I11 Feel trapped | 3.1 (3.3) | 2 (0–6) | 0 (0–10) | **-0.10 | -0.40 (0.2) | 0.60 (0.87) | 0.83 (0.8,1) | 0.87 |
Q1 Q3 first and third quartile; ICC intraclass correlation coefficient; Psi coefficient and 95% confidence intervals; rho: Spearman’s correlation coefficient; *p<0.05
**p<0.01
‡ mean difference (se) male vs female comparison, p-value via Mann Whitney test; aCFA loadings were standardised (STDXY).