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. 2023 Mar 9;17:1061485. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1061485

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Copyright © 2023 Venkat, Gao, Findeis, Chen, Zacharek, Landschoot-Ward, Powell, Lu, Liu, Zhang and Chopp.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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T2DM-stroke induces liver immune-response earlier and stronger than in other peripheral organs. (A,B) Western blot was used to measure the expression of inflammatory factors, cytokines, and acute phase response related proteins at 1 and 3 days after stroke in T2DM mice. Stroke in T2DM mice induces earlier and higher cytokine and acute phase response protein expression such as SAA, NLRP3, IL1β, IL6, TNFα and TLR4 in the liver compared to heart and kidney. The bands correspond to the precursor form for IL1β and TNFα. n = 3/group.