Table 2.

Scales Employed to Operationalise and Assess HRQL in PLWH With Cognitive Symptoms.

HRQoL domain assessed	Measurement Used	Scale/Scoring
Physical functioning	Lawson and Brody Activities of Daily Living 31	Score ranging from 0 (low function, dependent) to 16 (high function, independent).
Cognition	Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Blind (B-MoCA) 30	0–22: higher scores indicate higher cognitive functioning. Optimum cut-off of $\le$18 for mild CI
Social connectedness	Social Connectedness Scale-Revised (SCS-R) 32	Scores range from 20 to 120, with higher scores reflecting a stronger sense of social connectedness.
Mental and physical health and wellbeing	Short-Form-12 Health Survey (SF-12) 33	Derives two subscales: physical health and mental health. Scores range from 0 to 100 (with higher scores indicating better health). Population norm of 50.
HIV Stigma	Stigma Scale for Chronic Illness-834	Assesses internalised and enacted stigma. Scores range from 8–40, with higher scores indicating higher stigma.
Self-concept	Rosenburg Self-Esteem Scale34	Scores range from 0 to 40, with lower scores indicating worse self-esteem. Scores $\le$15 indicate low self-esteem.
Acceptance of and perceived control over cognitive health	Acceptance of Illness Scale (AIS) 35	Scores range between 8 and 40, with lower scores indicative of a lack of adjustment to disease, mental discomfort, and overall, less acceptance of the CI
	Brief Illness Perception Scale 36	Scores from one dimension: personal control over illness36. Range 0–100. Higher scores are representative of less perceived control over illness outcomes.