Table 2.
Alcohol Use Groups by Country of Origin.
| Full sample | Uganda | South Africa | t / χ² / z | P-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 202 | N = 133 | N = 69 | |||
| Severity of alcohol use (AUDIT), M (SD) | |||||
| At baseline visit | 0.9 (1.9) | 0.6 (1.4) | 1.4 (2.6) | −1.9 | .07 |
| At follow-up visit | 0.7 (1.7) | 0.4 (1.0) | 1.4 (2.5) | −2.8 | .005 |
| Any alcohol use, N (%) | |||||
| At baseline visit | 47 (23.3) | 27 (20.3) | 20 (29.0) | 1.9 | .17 |
| At follow-up visit | 43 (21.3) | 22 (16.5) | 21 (30.4) | 5.2 | .02 |
| AUDIT > 3, N (%) | |||||
| At baseline visit | 22 | 8 | 14 | 9.5 | .002 |
| At follow-up visit | 18 | 4 | 14 | 16.7 | .000 |
| Alcohol use categories, N (%) | |||||
| “No use”: No alcohol use at baseline visit and no alcohol use at follow-up | 137 (67.8) | 99 (74.4) | 38 (55.1) | 2.80 | .005 |
| “New use”: No alcohol use at baseline visit to any alcohol use at follow-up | 18 (8.9) | 7 (5.3) | 11 (15.9) | −2.53 | .01 |
| “Quit”: Alcohol use at baseline visit to quit/no alcohol use at follow-up | 22 (10.9) | 12 (9.0) | 10 (14.5) | −1.18 | .24 |
| “Continued use”: Alcohol use at baseline visit to continued use at follow-up | 25 (12.3) | 15 (11.3) | 10 (14.6) | −0.66 | .51 |
| Alcohol use categories among participants who were pregnant at both time points, N (%) | |||||
| N = 39 | N = 37 | N = 2 | t / χ² / z | P-value | |
| 0.73 | .87 | ||||
| “No use” | 29 (74.4) | 27 (73.0) | 2 (100) | ||
| “New use” | 1 (2.6) | 1 (2.7) | 0 (0) | ||
| “Quit” | 3 (7.7) | 3 (8.1) | 0 (0) | ||
| “Continued use” | 6 (15.4) | 6 (16.2) | 0 (0) | ||
| Alcohol use categories among participants who were postpartum at the 6-month follow-up, N (%) | |||||
| N = 163 | N = 96 | N = 67 | t / χ² / z | P-value | |
| 8.69 | .034 | ||||
| “No use” | 108 (66.3) | 72 (75.0) | 36 (53.7) | ||
| “New use” | 17 (10.4) | 6 (6.2) | 11 (16.5) | ||
| “Quit” | 19 (11.7) | 9 (9.4)_ | 10 (14.9) | ||
| “Continued use” | 19 (11.7) | 9 (9.4) | 10 (14.9) | ||
Note. M and SD are used to represent mean and standard deviation, respectively. Statistics were not calculated among participants who were pregnant at both time points due to small sample sizes. Membership in the 4 alcohol use categories did not differ by pregnancy status at the follow-up assessment (χ2(3) = 3.3, P = .3).