Table 4.
Demographic, Psychosocial, Structural, and HIV Disease-Related Factors by Alcohol Use Group.
| Full sample | “No use” | “New use” | “Quit” | “Continued use” | t / χ² / z | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 202 | N = 137 | N = 18 | N = 22 | N = 25 | |||
| Age, M (SD) | 26.1 (5.3) | 26.3 (5.2) | 26.1 (5.3) | 25.6 (5.8) | 26.2 (5.3) | 0.55 | .91 |
| Relationship status, N (%) | 22.6 | .04 | |||||
| Married | 106 (52) | 81 (59.1) | 7 (38.9) | 9 (40.9) | 9 (36.0) | ||
| Widowed | 2 (1) | 2 (1.5) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | ||
| Cohabitating | 16 (8) | 11 (8.0) | 0 (0) | 4 (18.2) | 1 (4) | ||
| Single | 67 (33) | 37 (27.0) | 11 (61.1) | 8 (36.4) | 11 (44) | ||
| Divorced/Separated | 11 (5) | 6 (4.4) | 0 (0) | 1 (4.6) | 4 (16) | ||
| Education level, N (%) | 9.3 | .41 | |||||
| None | 4 (2) | 2 (1.5) | 0 (0) | 1 (4.6) | 1 (4) | ||
| P1-P6/G1-G7 | 39 (19) | 26 (19) | 1 (11.1) | 4 (18.2) | 7 (28) | ||
| P7-S6/G8-G12 | 143 (71) | 96 (70.1) | 16 (88.9) | 17 (77.3) | 14 (56) | ||
| >S6/>G12 | 16 (8) | 13 (9.5) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 3 (12) | ||
| Employment status, N (%) | 8.65 | .03 | |||||
| Employed | 112 (55) | 83 (60.6) | 10 (55.6) | 6 (27.3) | 13 (52) | ||
| Unemployed | 90 (45) | 54 (39.4) | 8 (44.4) | 16 (72.7) | 12 (48) | ||
| Number of living biological children, Median (IQR) | 1 (1, 2) | 1 (1, 2) | 1 (1, 2) | 1 (1, 2) | 2 (1, 2) | 0.83 | .84 |
| Gestational age at baseline visit, Median (IQR) | 20 (13, 26) | 20 (14, 24) | 22.5 (16, 27) | 21 (17, 28) | 19 (12, 27) | 0.77 | .77 |
| Participants still pregnant at follow-up visit, N (%) | 39 (19) | 29 (21) | 1 (5.6) | 3 (13.6) | 6 (24) | 3.3 | .35 |
| CD4 count, Median (IQR) | 555 (429, 683) | 557 (430, 687) | 518 (428, 668) | 558 (438, 683) | 552 (418, 675) | 0.10 | .99 |
| Log viral load, Median (IQR) | 8.3 (5.3, 10.0) | 8.3 (4.5, 10.0) | 8.7 (7.3, 10.3) | 7.0 (5.0, 9.0) | 9.5 (6.3, 10.10) | 4.87 | .18 |
| Viral suppression, N (%) | 58 (29) | 45 (33) | 1 (6) | 6 (27) | 6 (24) | 6.2 | .10 |
| Depression, M (SD) | 1.6 (0.6) | 1.5 (0.6) | 1.6 (0.4) | 1.8 (0.6) | 1.7 (0.6) | 8.44 | .04 |
| HIV-related stigma, M (SD) | 2.1 (1.9) | 2.3 (1.9) | 1.7 (1.6) | 1.5 (1.8) | 2.1 (1.9) | 4.5 | .21 |
| Maladaptive coping, M (SD) | 2.3 (0.3) | 2.2 (0.3) | 2.3 (0.3) | 2.4 (0.4) | 2.3 (0.4) | 0.5 | .42 |
| Mental well-being, M (SD) | 45 (11) | 46 (11) | 41 (10) | 42 (12) | 44 (12) | 5.4 | .14 |
| Food insecurity score, M (SD) | 8.3 (6.8) | 7.7 (6.4) | 11.1 (6.8) | 9.1 (7.8) | 8.6 (7.5) | 4.4 | .22 |
| Food insecurity | 23.8 | .005 | |||||
| Secure, N (%) | 45 (22) | 30 (21.9) | 3 (16.7) | 4 (18.2) | 8 (32) | ||
| Mildly insecure, N (%) | 15 (7) | 9 (6.6) | 1 (5.6) | 4 (18.2) | 1 (4) | ||
| Moderately insecure, N (%) | 63 (31) | 55 (40.2) | 2(11.1) | 3 (13.6) | 3 (12) | ||
| Severely insecure, N (%) | 79 (39) | 43 (31.4) | 12 (66.7) | 11 (50.0) | 13 (52) | ||
| Structural barriers to care engagement, M (SD) | 6.4 (8.4) | 5.8 (8.4) | 10.9 (9.9) | 8.2 (7.7) | 5.4 (7.1) | 10.1 | .02 |
Note. M, SD, and IQR are used to represent mean, standard deviation, and interquartile range, respectively. P1-P6 indicate Primary 1 to Primary 6 in Uganda, and G1-G7 are Grade 1 to Grade 7 in South Africa. P7-S6/G8-G12 represent completion of high school, and >S6 is attendance at university or other tertiary institutions.