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. 2023 Mar 21;11(3):23259671231157351. doi: 10.1177/23259671231157351

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© The Author(s) 2023

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work as published without adaptation or alteration, without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

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Figure 1. — Top row: JPS test in extension. (A) Starting angle (90° of flexion). (B) Target angle (60° of flexion). (C) Target angle (30° of flexion). (B) and (C) were randomly ordered. Bottom row: JPS test in flexion. (D) Starting angle (0° of flexion). (E) Target angle (30° of flexion). (F) Target angle (60°of flexion). (E) and (F) were randomly ordered. JPS, joint position sense.