Table 4.

Comparison of the primary and secondary outcomes between control and ERAS groups.

Primary and secondary outcomes	Control group n = 103	ERACS (intervention group) n = 100	Comparison between groups
Time to extubation (hours)	14.72 ± 33.15 [2–313] Med = 9 (5–13)	6.69 ± 1.64 [4–15] Med = 6 (6–8)	M-W p < 0.001 ANCOVA p = 0.022 QR p = 0.003
Hospital length of stay (days).	8.88 ± 3.50 [4–25] Med = 8 (7–9)	5.13 ± 1.34 [3–11] Med = 5 (4–6)	M-W p < 0.001 ANCOVA p < 0.022 QR p < 0.003
95% confidence interval estimated using bootstrapping method	78.26–9.60	4.95–5.05
Time to ambulate (Sitting at the edge of the bed) (hours)	40.43 ± 46.70 [13–313] Med = 23 (21–40)	9.78 ± 2.03 [7–20] Med = 10 (8–11)	M-W p < 0.001 ANCOVA p < 0.001 QR p < 0.001
95% confidence interval estimated using bootstrapping method	22.02–23.98	9.16–10.84
Opioid consumption in ICU milligram morphine equivalent (MMI)	50.58 ± 11.93 [30–100] Med = 50 (40–55)	11.58 ± 4.43 [5–25] Med = 10 (10–15)	M-W p < 0.001 ANCOVA p < 0.001 QR p < 0.001