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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Neuropharmacology. 2023 Feb 9;228:109457. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109457

Figure 1: Alcohol dependence-induced modification of Oprk1 mRNA expression and KOR function in the ventral tegmental area (VTA).

Figure 1:

Panel A: Oprk1 mRNA expression in the VTA of air- and vapor-exposed rats as measured by RT-qPCR. Oprk1 mRNA showed increased expression in the VTA of ethanol vapor-exposed rats (***p < 0.01, main effect of exposure condition). Panel B: KOR function in the VTA of air- and vapor-exposed rats as measured by DYN-A stimulated GTPγS coupling. There was a trend towards increased KOR function in ethanol vapor-exposed compared to air-exposed rats (trend towards a DYN A x Exposure interaction, ‡p = 0.054).