eTable 4. Substances that were classified neither as PIM nor as non-PIM.
| Substance/class of substances | No. of evaluations | Median | Mean | [95% CI] |
| Drugs for acidity-related diseases | ||||
| Famotidine | 43 | 3 | 2.81 | [2.56; 3.07] |
| Drugs for functional gastrointestinal disorders | ||||
| Butylscopolamine | 47 | 3 | 3.00 | [2.71; 3.29] |
| Drugs for constipation | ||||
| Bisacodyl > 10 mg/d, > 1 week | 41 | 2 | 2.71 | [2.37; 3.05] |
| Sennosides | 43 | 3 | 2.77 | [2.46; 3.07] |
| Sodium picosulfate | 42 | 3 | 3.14 | [2.87; 3.41] |
| Prucalopride | 33 | 3 | 3.03 | [2.68; 3.38] |
| Antidiarrhea drugs and intestinal anti-inflammatories/anti-infectives | ||||
| Racecadotril | 30 | 3 | 3.10 | [2.72; 3.48] |
| Antithrombotic drugs | ||||
| Dabigatran etexilate | 47 | 3 | 3.13 | [2.78; 3.47] |
| Cardiac treatment | ||||
| Digitoxin | 47 | 3 | 3.00 | [2.66; 3.34] |
| Amiodarone | 47 | 3 | 2.96 | [2.64; 3.28] |
| Vernakalant | 30 | 3 | 3.20 | [2.84; 3.56] |
| Ranolazine | 38 | 3 | 3.03 | [2.66; 3.39] |
| Antihypertensives | ||||
| Urapidil | 46 | 3 | 2.89 | [2.55; 3.24] |
| Potassium-sparing drugs | ||||
| Eplerenone > 25 mg/d | 39 | 3 | 2.77 | [2.47; 3.07] |
| Amiloride or compounds containing triamterene | 44 | 3 | 2.89 | [2.59; 3.18] |
| Beta-adrenoceptor antagonists | ||||
| Atenolol | 45 | 3 | 2.80 | [2.51; 3.09] |
| Calcium-channel blockers | ||||
| Slow-release nifedipine | 42 | 3 | 2.88 | [2.60; 3.17] |
| Selective calcium-channel blockers with predominantly cardiac action (verapamil, diltiazem) | 46 | 3 | 3.04 | [2.81; 3.28] |
| Sexual hormones and modulators of the genital system | ||||
| Raloxifene | 41 | 3 | 3.07 | [2.81; 3.33] |
| Urologics | ||||
| Alfuzosin | 43 | 3 | 3.12 | [2.85; 3.38] |
| Terazosin | 43 | 3 | 2.95 | [2.68; 3.23] |
| Silodosin | 39 | 3 | 3.03 | [2.75; 3.30] |
| Antibiotics for systemic use | ||||
| Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim | 48 | 3 | 2.79 | [2.52; 3.06] |
| Nitrofurantoin | 48 | 3 | 2.83 | [2.53; 3.13] |
| Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and antirheumatic drugs | ||||
| Ibuprofen up to max. 3 × 400 mg/d, for max. 1 week | 7 | 4 | 3.43 | [2.53; 4.33] |
| Ibuprofen up to max. 3 × 400 mg/d, with PPI for max. 8 weeks | 5 | 4 | 3.60 | [2.49; 4.71] |
| Naproxen up to max. 2 × 250 mg/d, for max. 1 week | 6 | 4 | 3.67 | [2.81; 4.52] |
| Naproxen up to max. 2 × 250 mg/d, with PPI for max. 8 weeks | 7 | 4 | 3.43 | [2.53; 4.33] |
| Drugs for gout | ||||
| Colchicine | 45 | 3 | 2.76 | [2.46; 3.05] |
| Analgesics | ||||
| Selective serotonin-5HT-1 receptor agonists/ triptans (sumatriptan, naratriptan, zolmitriptan, rizatriptan, almotriptan, eletriptan, frovatriptan) | 43 | 3 | 2.86 | [2.57; 3.15] |
| Antiepileptics | ||||
| Topiramate | 40 | 3 | 2.90 | [2.66; 3.14] |
| Pregabalin | 43 | 3 | 2.88 | [2.55; 3.21] |
| Drugs for Parkinson’s disease | ||||
| Ropinirole | 40 | 3 | 2.80 | [2.49; 3.11] |
| Rotigotine | 36 | 3 | 2.75 | [2.44; 3.06] |
| Entacapone | 35 | 3 | 3.09 | [2.82; 3.35] |
| Opicapone | 34 | 3 | 2.91 | [2.66; 3.16] |
| Antipsychotics | ||||
| Melperone | 46 | 3 | 3.07 | [2.76; 3.37] |
| Pipamperone | 40 | 3 | 3.15 | [2.83; 3.47] |
| Quetiapine | 46 | 3 | 3.04 | [2.75; 3.34 |
| Lithium | 43 | 3 | 3.05 | [2.74; 3.35] |
| Antidepressants | ||||
| Trazodone | 45 | 3 | 2.84 | [2.59; 3.10] |
| Venlafaxine | 44 | 3 | 3.00 | [2.74; 3.26] |
| Milnacipran | 28 | 3 | 2.96 | [2.62; 3.31] |
| Duloxetine | 43 | 3 | 2.98 | [2.66; 3.30] |
| Drugs for obstructive respiratory tract diseases | ||||
| Ipratropium bromide | 42 | 4 | 3.29 | [2.97; 3.60] |
| Cough and cold remedies | ||||
| Noscapine | 39 | 3 | 3.15 | [2.85; 3.46] |
| Antihistamines for systemic use | ||||
| Second generation | ||||
| Mizolastine | 28 | 3 | 2.71 | [2.40; 3.03] |
| Fexofenadine | 32 | 3 | 2.84 | [2.53; 3.16] |
| Bilastine | 29 | 3 | 2.83 | [2.49; 3.17] |
*These substances are marketed only in Austria, not in Germany.
PPI, Proton pump inhibitors