Table 2.
COVID-19-Specific Factors
| Characteristic | Error present (n = 36, 14.0%) | No error present (n = 221, 86.0%) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patient test status at admission | |||
| Test obtained at admission based on concern for COVID-19, with no recent testing | 31 (86.1) | 187 (85.0) | 0.86 |
| Test obtained at admission based on concern for COVID-19, with recent negative test | 3 (8.3) | 22 (10.0) | > 0.99 |
| Test result positive prior to admission, but admitted for repeat testing due to symptoms | 2 (5.6) | 10 (4.5) | 0.68 |
| Test result positive during hospitalization | 9 (25.0) | 65 (30.0) | 0.55 |
| Exposures in previous 14 days | |||
| Household-related COVID-19 contact | 3 (8.3) | 10 (4.5) | 0.40 |
| Community-related COVID-19 contact | 1 (2.8) | 11 (5.0) | > 0.99 |
| Health care | 0 (0) | 4 (1.8) | > 0.99 |
| Congregate-living contact with lab-confirmed COVID-19 case | 0 (0) | 3 (1.4) | > 0.99 |
| Occupational/other | 0 (0) | 2 (0.9) | > 0.99 |
| Patient was a health care worker | 1 (2.9) | 9 (4.2) | > 0.99 |
| In past 14 days—any risk factors | |||
| Congregate living | 1 (2.8) | 12 (5.4) | > 0.99 |
| Skilled nursing facility | 3 (8.3) | 17 (7.7) | > 0.99 |
| Unable to shelter in place | 1 (2.8) | 9 (4.1) | > 0.99 |
| Working in essential occupation | 1 (2.8) | 8 (3.6) | > 0.99 |
| Other | 4 (11.1) | 13 (5.9) | 0.27 |
| Clinical features | |||
| Pneumonia | 18 (50.0) | 121 (55.0) | 0.70 |
| Acute respiratory distress syndrome | 5 (13.9) | 30 (13.6) | > 0.99 |
| Abnormal chest radiograph | 25 (69.4) | 149 (68.0) | > 0.99 |
| Admitted to ICU | 12 (33.3) | 54 (24.4) | 0.26 |
| Need for invasive mechanical ventilation | 5 (41.7) | 35 (64.8) | 0.19 |
| Deep venous thrombosis | 2 (5.6) | 11 (5.0) | 0.61 |
| Pulmonary embolism | 2 (5.6) | 10 (4.5) | 0.84 |
| Signs and symptoms at admission | |||
| Fever > 38 °C | 12 (33.3) | 74 (33.5) | 0.80 |
| Subjective fevers | 15 (41.7) | 95 (43.2) | 0.93 |
| Chills | 10 (27.8) | 60 (27.3) | 0.22 |
| Myalgias | 13 (36.1) | 51 (23.2) | 0.25 |
| Rhinorrhea | 1 (2.8) | 15 (6.8) | 0.84 |
| Sore throat | 3 (8.3) | 21 (9.6) | 0.83 |
| Cough | 15 (41.7) | 121 (54.8) | 0.19 |
| Shortness of breath | 18 (50.0) | 136 (61.8) | 0.37 |
| Nausea/vomiting | 9 (25.0) | 53 (24.0) | 0.55 |
| Headache | 4 (11.4) | 36 (16.4) | 0.74 |
| Abdominal pain | 8 (22.2) | 32 (14.5) | 0.46 |
| Diarrhea | 9 (25.0) | 49 (22.2) | 0.84 |
| Loss of taste or smell | 0 (0) | 6 (2.7) | 0.47 |
| Delirium | 2 (5.6) | 44 (19.9) | 0.03 |
| Patient’s documentation included another possible diagnosis | 33 (91.7) | 176 (80.0) | 0.09 |
| Median minutes elapsed between the time COVID-19 test was ordered and final result returned (IQR) | 200 (120.5, 554.5) | 250.5 (110.5, 720) | 0.48 |