Table 3.

Quality domains and subdomains assessed by measures reported in the studies

Authors, year	Intended implementation context	Foundations					Processes of care		Quality impacts			Illustrative measures
		Populations	Governance	Platforms	Workforce	Tools	Competent care and systems	Positive user experience	Better health	Confidence in system	Economic benefit
Agarwal et al., 2019	Monitoring framework to measure community health worker (CHW) performances in low- and middle-income countries		X	X	X	X	X	X		X		• Ratio of CHWs to supervisors • #/% of CHWs who have passed knowledge/competency tests (following training) • #/% of CHWs who correctly addressed (treated) the identified health problem (as per items in a checklist)
Báscolo et al., 2018	National-level monitoring framework for implementation in the Region of the Americas	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	• Density and distribution of health workers • Percentage of user satisfaction with the health services • Healthy life expectancy
Bresick et al., 2019	Primary care performance measurement in Africa		X		X	X	X	X		X		• Identifies eight validated instruments to measure primary care performance in Africa. No specific measures reported
Gupta et al., 2018	National-level UHC monitoring framework for Bangladesh	X		X			X		X	X	X	• Tuberculosis treatment success rate • Case fatality rate among hospitalized acute respiratory infection cases
Rezapour et al., 2019	Iranian Primary Health Care Quality Assessment Framework	X	X	X			X	X	X	X		• % of safe injections in the healthcare facility • Customer satisfaction rate (%) • % of patients aware about patients’ rights and responsibilities
Sprockett, 2017	Quality assessment tools for family planning programmes in low- and middle-income countries		X	X	X	X	X	X				• No specific measures reported