Table 1.

Demographics of Study Sample by Role Type

	Physicians N = 15,142 (35.2%)		Nurses N = 11,040 (25.7%)		Other clinical staff N = 5730 (13.3%)		Non-clinical staff N = 11,114 (25.8%)
	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%
Race and ethnicity
Asian/Pacific Islander	2371	15.7	700	6.9	328	5.5	527	4.7
Black/African American	289	1.9	773	7.6	523	9.1	1082	9.7
Hispanic/Latino	582	3.8	337	3.3	417	7.3	1034	9.3
Native American or American Indian	21	0.1	20	0.2	19	0.3	27	0.2
Prefer not to answer	1865	12.3	1358	13.4	690	12.0	1294	11.6
White	8314	54.9	6811	67.3	3372	58.9	6885	62.0
Other (please specify)	338	2.2	123	1.2	67	1.2	157	1.4
Missing	1362	9.0	918	8.3	314	5.5	108	1.0
Self-reported gender
Female	6244	41.2	9348	84.7	4481	78.2	8140	73.2
Male	7697	50.8	742	6.7	801	14.0	2085	18.8
Non-binary/third gender	32	0.2	25	0.2	13	0.2	105	0.3
Prefer not to answer	1169	7.7	925	8.4	434	7.6	852	7.7
Missing	0	0.0	0	0.0	1	0.02	2	0.02
Years in practice
1–5 years	2700	17.8	2257	20.5	1586	27.7	1916	17.2
6–10 years	2586	17.1	1925	17.4	1096	19.1	1166	10.5
11–15 years	2366	15.6	1527	13.8	800	14.0	1061	9.6
16–20 years	1962	13.0	1097	9.9	646	11.3	951	8.6
More than 20 years	5262	34.8	4032	36.5	1395	24.4	2531	22.8
Missing	266	1.8	202	1.8	207	3.6	3489	31.4
Setting
Inpatient	7316	48.3	6831	61.9	2571	44.9	3748	33.7
Outpatient	5928	39.2	2351	21.3	2017	35.2	2423	21.8
Missing	1898	12.5	1858	16.8	1142	19.9	4943	44.5
Specific roles
Physicians	15,142	100.0
Nurses			11,040	100.0
Pharmacist					768	13.4
Nursing assistant					1106	19.3
Respiratory therapist					329	5.7
Physical therapist					847	14.8
Occupational therapist					232	4.1
Speech therapist					143	2.5
Medical assistant					1225	21.4
Social worker					1080	18.9
Housekeeping							231	2.1
Administrative							5284	47.5
Receptionist/Scheduler							1458	13.1
Lab or X-ray technician							831	7.5
Finance							1084	9.8
Food service							183	1.7
IT support							785	7.1
Researcher (without clinical role)							560	5.0
Laboratory staff							698	6.3