Table 2.
ICU therapy managements and clinical outcomes.
| All (n = 157) | Non-ICU-AW (n = 77) | ICU-AW (n = 80) | P-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TREATMENTS RECEIVED | ||||
| ECMO (n,%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.999 |
| CRRT (n,%) | 9 (5.7) | 1 (1.3) | 8 (10.0) | 0.045 |
| Prone position (n,%) | 60 (38.2) | 11 (14.3) | 49 (61.3) | <0.001 |
| HFNC (n,%) | 138 (87.9) | 66 (85.7) | 72 (90.0) | 0.563 |
| Mechanically ventilation | ||||
| Duration of ventilation (days) | 8 (5–25) | 5 (3–7) | 25 (13–40) | <0.001 |
| Extubation (n,%) | 149 (94.9) | 75 (97.4) | 74 (92.5) | 0.301 |
| Re-intubation (n,%) | 13 (8.3) | 4 (5.2) | 9 (11.2) | 0.277 |
| Tracheostomy (n,%) | 39 (24.8) | 0 (0) | 39 (48.8) | <0.001 |
| Neuromuscular blockade (n,%) | 66 (42.0) | 12 (15.6) | 54 (67.5) | <0.001 |
| Duration of blockade (days) | 1 (1–2) | 1 (1–2) | 1.5 (1–2) | 0.258 |
| Sedation (n,%) | 155 (98.7) | 75 (97.4) | 80 (100) | 0.460 |
| Duration of sedation (days) | 8 (4–17) | 4 (2–7) | 16 (10–22) | <0.001 |
| OUTCOMES | ||||
| Length of stay in the ICU (days) | 11 (6–19) | 6 (4–11) | 18 (11–26) | <0.001 |
| Death in the ICU (n,%) | 3 (1.9) | 0 (0) | 3 (3.8) | 0.257 |
| Complications (n,%) | ||||
| Sepsis | 49 (31.2) | 6 (7.8) | 43 (53.8) | <0.001 |
| VAP | 103 (65.6) | 35 (45.5) | 68 (85.0) | <0.001 |
| Delirium | 54 (34.4) | 21 (27.3) | 33 (41.2) | 0.094 |
| Time to first mobilization (days) | ||||
| Sitting on the edge of bed | 7 (4–11) | 6 (4–8) | 9 (5–16) | <0.001 |
| Standing at the bed side | 11 (7–19) | 8 (6–12) | 19 (14–28) | <0.001 |
| ICU-MS (points) | ||||
| ICU discharge | 3 (1–3) | 3 (1–3) | 3 (3, 3) | 0.837 |
| Hospital discharge | 9 (5–10) | 10 (9–10) | 7 (0–9) | <0.001 |
| ICU-MS >9 at discharge (n,%) | 86 (54.8) | 64 (83.1) | 22 (27.5) | <0.001 |
| Time to functional independence a (days) | 21 (18–29) | 19 (17–23) | 41 (30–54) | <0.001 |
| Length of stay in hospital (days) | 26 (17–42) | 18 (14–25) | 41 (29–53) | <0.001 |
| Discharge destination (n,%) | <0.001 | |||
| Home | 47 (29.9) | 44 (57.1) | 3 (3.8) | |
| Hospital | 79 (50.3) | 29 (37.7) | 50 (62.5) | |
| Death in hospital | 31 (19.7) | 4 (5.2) | 27 (33.8) |
Data are presented as medians (interquartile ranges) or numbers (percentages).
*Defined as ICU-MS>9. Mann-Whitney U and chi-square tests are used for quantitative and qualitative analyses, respectively.
Abbreviations: ICU-AW: intensive care unit-acquired weakness; ECMO: extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; CRRT: continuous renal replacement therapy; HFNC: high-flow nasal cannula; VAP: ventilator associated pneumonia; ICU-MS: intensive care unit mobility scale.