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. 2023 Mar 23;13:4783. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-31378-1

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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The light collection chamber installed for the measurement of Co II. (a) Custom-made chamber with 4 windows for light collection. The length is 34 cm and the distance between the two rows for the optical detection system is 12 cm. (b) Lens assembly for imaging the ion beam onto a photomultiplier tube. For different wavelengths, the position of the lenses can be optimized for maximum efficiency. (c) Black cylinder for minimizing the background rate due to scattered laser light. (d) Simulation of the light collection systems using the Raosi python package. This algorithm is used to obtain the optimal distance of the lenses and PMT for a given wavelength.