Fig. 1.

Reduction ofND-42in spermatogonia caused male infertility and spermatids elongation defects. (A) Relative ND-42 mRNA level in the control and Bam > ND-42 RNAi testes. Student's t-test was used to evaluate the differences. (B) Male fertility rate (%) in the control and Bam > ND-42 RNAi groups. The ratio was analyzed using the Chi-squared test. (C) DNA staining (Grey) of seminal vesicles. Needle-shaped sperm nuclei were shown in control testes, while no sperm was found in Bam > ND-42 RNAi testes. (D) Vasa (red) and Orb (green) immunostaining at the apex of the control and Bam > ND-42 RNAi testes. (E) Orb2 (green) immunostaining of at the apex of control and Bam > ND-42 RNAi testes. (F) F-actin (red) and cleaved Caspase-3 (green) immunostaining at the apex of the control and Bam > ND-42 RNAi testes. Hoechst was used to stain DNA. ***P < 0.001, scale bar: 50 μm. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)