Table 2. Sociodemographic and Baseline Clinical Characteristics of Mothers and Offspring With 18-Month Follow-up Data.
| Characteristic | Maternal SARS-CoV-2 status during pregnancya | P valueb | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Negative (n = 13 452) | Positive (n = 555) | ||
| Maternal age, mean (SD), y | 33.0 (4.9) | 31.1 (5.8) | <.001 |
| Maternal race | |||
| Asian | 1375 (10.2) | 29 (5.2) | <.001 |
| Black | 1153 (8.6) | 102 (18.4) | |
| White | 9399 (69.9) | 231 (41.6) | |
| Otherc | 1188 (8.8) | 161 (29.0) | |
| Unknown | 337 (2.5) | 32 (5.8) | |
| Maternal ethnicityd | |||
| Hispanic | 1796 (13.4) | 234 (42.2) | <.001 |
| Non-Hispanic | 11 266 (83.7) | 295 (53.2) | |
| Unavailable | 386 (2.9) | 26 (4.7) | |
| Maternal public insurance | 2411 (17.9) | 286 (51.5) | <.001 |
| Trimester of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infectione | |||
| First | NA | 46 (8.3) | >.99 |
| Second | NA | 114 (20.5) | |
| Third | NA | 386 (69.5) | |
| Unknown | NA | 9 (1.6) | |
| Delivery hospital type | |||
| Academic medical center | 7901 (58.7) | 397 (71.5) | <.001 |
| Community hospital | 5551 (41.3) | 158 (28.5) | |
| Delivery method | |||
| Cesarean | 4456 (33.1) | 190 (34.2) | .59 |
| Vaginal | 8996 (66.9) | 365 (65.8) | |
| Multiple births | 843 (6.3) | 46 (8.3) | .056 |
| Delivery admission length of stay, median (IQR), d | 3.00 (2.00-4.00) | 3.00 (2.00-4.00) | .63 |
| Birth | |||
| Preterm | 1333 (9.9) | 82 (14.8) | <.001 |
| Term | 12 119 (90.1) | 473 (85.2) | |
| Offspring sex | |||
| Female | 6613 (49.2) | 266 (47.9) | .57 |
| Male | 6839 (50.8) | 289 (52.1) | |
Abbreviation: NA, not applicable.
a
Unless otherwise indicated, data are expressed as No. (%) of mothers of live offspring. Percentages have been rounded and may not total 100. Data were collected between March 1, 2020, and May 31, 2021.
b
Calculated using the Wilcoxon rank sum test, Pearson χ2 test, or Fisher exact test.
c
Includes American Indian or Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander, and more than 1 race or ethnicity.
d
Ethnicity was unknown for 4 mothers in the COVID-19–negative group.
e
Trimester of infection was unknown for 9 mothers in the COVID-19–positive group.