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. 2023 Mar 23;9(5):664–672. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2023.0089

Table 2. Pretreatment, Posttreatment, Percentage Change, and Absolute Change of Circulating Hormone and Lipid Levels by Study Arm.

Biomarker Median (IQR) P value change, adjusteda
Exemestane, 25 mg, QD (n = 55) Exemestane, 25 mg, TIW (n = 56) Exemestane, 25 mg, QW (n = 60)
Pretreatment Posttreatment % Change Absolute change Pretreatment Posttreatment % Change Absolute change Pretreatment Posttreatment % Change Absolute change QD vs TIW QD vs QW
Estrone, pmol/L
Solid-phase extraction 104.3 (73.8 to 141.0) 7.0 (1.3 to 13.4) −93 (−98 to −88) −95.5 (−126.8 to −65.9) 99.4 (69.4 to 137.6) 9.1 (4.6 to 16.1) −89 (−96 to −83) −80.0 (−119.7 to −60.4) 92.2 (66.7 to 122.8) 26.1 (18.5 to 43.1) −73 (−81 to −52) −61.7 (−92.2 to −36.4) .42 .004
Liquid-liquid extraction 101.0 (69.6 to 143.0) 1.6 (0.90 to 2.9) −99 (−99 to −98) −97.6 (−135.8 to −67.1) 96.2 (72.1 to 147.5) 4.3 (2.5 to 6.6) −96 (−97 to −93) −88.4 (−125.1 to −67.2) 93.4 (69.5 to 132.0) 21.8 (12.8 to 34.2) −78 (−85 to −62) −65.2 (−103.3 to −43.9) .29 .004
Total 294.7 (182.6 to 451.4) 12.5 (12.5 to 12.5) −95 (−97 to −91) −267.4 (−437.3 to −167.6) 302.2 (160.0 to 429.9) 12.5 (12.5 to 12.5) −94 (−96 to −90) −286.5 (−397. 8 to 145.6) 246.1 (164.0 to 362.1) 61.9 (32.3 to 92.6) −76 (−85 to −63) −179.6 (−273.4 to −117.1) .74 .01
Estrone sulfate, pmol/L 581.9 (363.6 to 918.9) 13.8 (13.8 to 35.7) −96 (−98 to −94) −568.1 (−853.7 to −349.8) 625.8 (324.7 to 955.6) 13.8 (13.8 to 55.2) −95 (−97 to −92) −546.6 (−775.4 to −301.4) 452.3 (315.1 to 710.6) 124.8 (55.7 to 193.9) −75 (−83 to −64) −322.7 (−518.8 to −222.3) .39 .15
Androstenedione, nmol/L 1.5 (1.0 to 1.9) 1.4 (1.10 to 1.90) 0 (−18 to 18) 0.00 (−0.30 to 0.20) 1.7 (1.1 to 2.5) 1.8 (1.1 to 2.6) 11 (−20 to 30) 0.20 (−0.20 to 0.50) 1.4 (1.1 to 2.0) 1.6 (1.1 to 2.0) 11 (−14 to 43) 0.10 (−0.20 to 0.60) .21 .46
Testosterone, nmol/L 0.60 (0.40 to 0.90) 0.45 (0.30 to 0.80) −19 (−33 to 0) −0.10 (−0.20 to 0) 0.70 (0.40 to 1.1) 0.50 (0.30 to 0.90) 0 (−25 to 0) 0.00 (−0.20 to 0.00) 0.60 (0.40 to 0.90) 0.60 (0.40 to 0.80) 0 (−20 to 18) 0.0 (−0.10 to 0.10) .72 .30
SHBG, nmol/L 53.4 (39.1 to 64.0) 36.0 (27.6 to 50.3) −29 (−36 to −17) −12.8 (−20.7 to −8.7) 47.9 (36.6 to 65.1) 40.0 (30.3 to 56.7) −15 (−23 to −7) −7.0 (−11.4 to −2.9) 50.1 (31.9 to 67.8) 45.8 (26.4 to 60.9) −6 (−17 to 1) −2.3 (−6.0 to 0.40) .01 .004
Cholesterol, mg/dL
HDL 62 (55 to 72) 56 (46 to 63) −14 (−21 to −3) −10 (−13 to −2) 59 (48 to 71) 57 (46 to 65) −5 (−13 to 4) −4 (−9 to 2) 57 (50 to 67) 57 (50 to 69) −1 (−9 to 4) 1 (−22 to 14) .05 .06
Total 205 (181 to 233) 201 (175 to 222) −6 (−17 to 3) −11 (−35 to 7) 208 (182 to 226) 195 (173 to 210) −6 (−11 to 1) −11 (24 to 2) 220 (200 to 247) 220 (195 to 245) 0 (−8 to 6) −1 (−5 to 2) .50 .05

Abbreviations: HDL, high-density lipoprotein; QD, once daily; QW, once weekly; SHBG, sex hormone–binding globulin; TIW, 3 times weekly.

SI conversion factor: To convert HDL to mmol/L, multiply by 0.0259.

a

P values from analysis of covariance models on absolute changes in time, adjusted for baseline values, age, and body mass index. All P values were also adjusted for multiple testing.