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. 2023 Jan 19;11(3):682–694. doi: 10.14218/JCTH.2022.00412

Fig. 1. Key players in the TIME of HCC.

Fig. 1

The TIME of HCC is a highly sophisticated system consisting of diverse cellular and noncellular components. The cellular components comprise various immune cells (macrophages, neutrophils, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, natural killer cells, dendritic cells, T cells, B cells), endothelial cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and other kinds of stromal cells. The noncellular counterparts include the extracellular matrix and diverse soluble factors secreted by both tumor cells and stromal cells. HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; TIME, tumor immune microenvironment.