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. 2023 Jan 19;10(9):2204594. doi: 10.1002/advs.202204594

Figure 13.

Figure 13

Piezoelectric materials in cell behavior regulation and sensing. a) Schematic diagram of the cell tractions induced electrical stimulus for neuron‐like differentiation. b) Cyclic mechanical stimulus triggers the voltage output of the PVDF fiber. c) The periodical force loading deforms the nano PVDF fiber bundles and generates the cyclic voltage output. d) The cell force deformed the nanofibers (fibers are labeled with FITC‐SiO2). e) Electrical stimulations trigger the calcium signaling activation. f) Intracellular calcium transmissions caused by the piezo potential of PVDF. Reproduced with permission.[ 252 ] Copyright 2021, Wiley.