Table 1.
Clinical trials of bsAbs targeting immunomodulatory checkpoints
| Targets | Bispecific antibody | Combination agents | Condition | Phase | NCT number |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dual inhibitory checkpoints | |||||
| PD-1×CTLA-4 | Cadonilimab (AK104) | Mesothelioma | I | NCT03261011 | |
| Lenvatinib | uHCC | II | NCT04444167 | ||
| Cisplatin/carboplatin+ paclitaxel ± bevacizumab | Cervical cancer | III | NCT04982237 | ||
| Oxaliplatin + capecitabine | G/GEJ cancer | Ib/II | NCT03852251 | ||
| Vudalimab(XmAb20717) | Solid tumor | I | NCT03517488 | ||
| mCRPC | II | NCT05005728 | |||
| Carboplatin + cabazitaxel | mCRPC | II | NCT05005728 | ||
| Olaparib | mCRPC | II | NCT05005728 | ||
| MGD019 | Solid tumor | I | NCT03761017 | ||
| MEDI5752 | Solid tumor | I | NCT03530397 | ||
| PD-L1×CTLA-4 | KN046 | Solid tumor | II | NCT04469725 | |
| TIM-3×PD-1 | RG7769 | Solid tumor | I | NCT03708328 | |
| ESCC | II | NCT04785820 | |||
| AZD7789 | Solid tumor | I/IIa | NCT04931654 | ||
| TIM-3×PD-L1 | LY3415244 | Solid tumor | I | NCT03752177 | |
| LAG-3×PD-1 | MGD013 | Margetuximab | HER2+ neoplasms | I | NCT03219268 |
| LAG-3×PD-L1 | ABL501 | Solid tumor | I | NCT05101109 | |
| FS118 | Solid tumor | I/II | NCT03440437 | ||
| IBI323 | Advanced malignancies | I | NCT04916119 | ||
| LAG-3×CTLA-4 | XmAb22841 | Pembrolizumab | Solid tumor | I | NCT03849469 |
| TIGIT×PD-1 | IBI321 | Solid tumor | I | NCT04911881 | |
| TIGIT×PD-L1 | HLX301 | Solid tumor | I/II | NCT0510221 | |
| Co-stimulatory and inhibitory checkpoints | |||||
| 4-1BB×PD-L1 | INBRX-105 | Pembrolizumab | Solid tumor | I | NCT03809624 |
| GEN1046 | Solid tumor | I | NCT03917381 | ||
| ABL503 | Solid tumor | I | NCT04762641 | ||
| OX40×PD-L1 | KN052 | Solid tumor | I | NCT05309512 | |
| OX40×CTLA-4 | ATOR-1015 | Solid tumor | I | NCT03782467 | |
| ICOS×PD-1 | XmAb23104 | Ipilimumab | Solid tumor | I | NCT03752398 |
| CD27×PD-L1 | CDX-527 | Solid tumor | I | NCT04440943 | |
| Immunomodulatory checkpoints and non-checkpoint targets | |||||
| 4-1BB×Claudin 18.2 | TJ-CD4B(ABL111) | Solid tumor | I | NCT04900818 | |
| VEGF×PD-1 | AK112 | Solid tumor | I | NCT04047290 | |
| uHCC | II | NCT05432492 | |||
| Chemotherapy | SCLC | II | NCT05116007 | ||
| Chemotherapy | NSCLC | II | NCT04736823 | ||
| NSCLC | III | NCT05184712 | |||
| Chemotherapy | mCRC | II | NCT05382442 | ||
| Nab-paclitaxel/paclitaxel | TNBC | II | NCT05227664 | ||
| PARP inhibitor | rOC | I/II | NCT04999605 | ||
| VEGF×PD-L1 | HB0025 | Solid tumor | I | NCT04678908 |
Source: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov (accessed on 13 November 2022). ESCC, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; G/GEJ cancer, gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer; mCRC, metastatic colorectal cancer; mCRPC, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer; NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer; rOC, recurrent ovarian carcinoma; SCLC, small cell lung cancer; TNBC, triple-negative breast cancer; uHCC, unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.