Table 4.
Studies reporting significant differences in primary outcomes between virtual cardiac rehabilitation and routine hospital-based cardiac rehabilitation
| Short reference | Technology | Primary aggregate outcome | Study design | Patient cardiac conditions | Country |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avila 201826 | Multiple interventions (web-based communication; WAM) | Functional capacity | RCT | CABG, PCI | Belgium |
| Bernocchi 201829 | Multiple interventions (web-based communication; WAM) | Functional capacity | RCT | CHF + COPD | NRa |
| Frederix 201530 | Multiple interventions (web-based communication; WAM) | Functional capacity | RCT | CABG, PCI | Belgium |
| Frederix 201731 | Multiple interventions (web-based communication; WAM) | Functional capacity | RCT | STEMI, NSTEMI, unstable angina, stable angina | Belgium |
| Skobel 201732 | Multiple interventions (web-based communication; WAM) | Functional capacity | RCT | CAD | Germany; UK; Spain |
| Pfaeffli Dale 201533 | Multiple interventions (mobile application; web-based communication) | Patient adherence/compliance | RCT | MI, unstable angina, angina | New Zealand |
| Rosario 201828 | Multiple interventions (NR) | Patient adherence/compliance | RCT | Undefined cardiac disease | Australia |
| Varnfield 201434 | Multiple interventions (WAM; mHealth; web-based Communication) | Patient adherence/compliance | RCT | STEMI, NSTEMI, HF, angina, stroke, bypass surgery, angioplasty/stent, heart valve problems | Australia |
| Claes 202035 | Multiple Interventions (Web-based communication; WAM) | Physical activity | RCT | PCI, CABG, valve repair | Belgium; Ireland |
| Eyles 201736 | mHealth | Quality of Life | RCT | Cardiovascular disease | New Zealand |
| Sjolin 201937 | mHealth | Quality of Life | RCT | AMI | NRb |
| Widmer 201438 | mHealth | Quality of Life | Observational | ACS | USA |
| Cai 201939 | mHealth | Functional capacity | RCT | AF | NRc |
| Yudi 202140 | mHealth | Functional capacity | RCT | STEMI, NSTEMI, unstable angina | Australia |
| Ding 201241 | mHealth | Patient adherence/compliance | RCT | Undefined cardiac disease | Australia |
| Izawa 201242 | WAM | Physical activity | RCT | Undefined cardiac disease | Japan |
ACS, acute coronary syndrome; AF, atrial fibrillation; AMI, acute myocardial infarction; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; CAD, coronary artery disease; CHF, congestive heart failure; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HF, heart failure; MI, myocardial infarction; mHealth, mobile health apps; NSTEMI, ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction; PCI, percutaneous intervention; STEMI, non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction.
First author affiliation is located in Italy.
First author affiliation is located in Sweden.
First author affiliation is located in China.