Table 3.

Grain yield factors of wheat under different sowing dates and row spacings.

Sowing date	Row space (cm)	2019–2020				2020–2021
		ESW km−2 (×10−4)	KN	GW (g)	GY (kg hm−2)	ESW km−2 (×10−4)	KN	GW (g)	GY (kg hm−2)
SD1	15	789.0	32.6	48.1	10,510.8	786.0	35.8	45.8	10,964.5
SD1	7.5	798.0	33.1	50.4*	11,311.1*	795.0	36.0	47.3	11,509.8*
SD2	15	763.5	33.3	49.0	10,592.0	751.5	35.8	46.6	10,651.7
SD2	7.5	768.0	32.6	52.8**	11,238.9*	769.5	36.1	48.0	11,322.6**
SD3	15	696.0	32.2	52.2	9,941.4	723.0	34.2	48.7	10,229.0
SD3	7.5	723.0	32.6	53.0	1,0615.0*	739.5*	34.3	50.3	10,836.4**
Year (Y)		ns	**	**	ns	ns	**	**	ns
Sowing date (SD)		**	**	**	**	**	**	**	**
Row space (RS)		**	ns	**	**	**	ns	**	**
Y × SD		ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns
Y × RS		ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns
SD × RS		ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns
Y × SD × RS		ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns

ESW, KN, GW, and GY represent total effective spikes in the whole growth period, kernel number per spike, 1,000-grain weight, and grain yield, respectively. “*, **” indicate significant difference at 0.05 level. **P<0.01; *P<0.05, ns, not statistically significant at P<0.05.