Table 4.
Risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality for visceral adiposity index (VAI) levels status according to gender over 10 years [follow-up for endpoints mean period (SD) 12.6 (2.75) years].
| All-cause deaths | CVD deaths * | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VAI level/cox models | HR | 95% CI | p | HR | 95% CI | p |
| Men | (n = 882) | (n = 232) | ||||
| Model 1 | ||||||
| 1st quintile | 1 | 1 | ||||
| 2nd quintile | 0.87 | 0.70–1.08 | 0.201 | 1.04 | 0.74–1.47 | 0.803 |
| 3rd quintile | 1.07 | 0.86–1.32 | 0.552 | 1.47 | 1.07–2.01 | 0.018 |
| 4th quintile | 1.03 | 0.83–1.27 | 0.780 | 1.16 | 0.83–1.61 | 0.398 |
| 5th quintile | 1.26 | 1.03–1.55 | 0.024 | 1.78 | 1.31–2.42 | < 0.001 |
| Per quintile | 1.07 | 1.02–1.12 | 0.006 | 1.14 | 1.06–1.22 | < 0.001 |
| Model 2 | ||||||
| 1st quintile | 1 | 1 | ||||
| 2nd quintile | 0.85 | 0.68–1.06 | 0.141 | 1.02 | 0.73–1.44 | 0.903 |
| 3rd quintile | 0.99 | 0.81–1.23 | 0.990 | 1.37 | 0.995–1.88 | 0.054 |
| 4th quintile | 1.01 | 0.82–1.25 | 0.935 | 1.13 | 0.81–1.58 | 0.473 |
| 5th quintile | 1.31 | 1.07–1.60 | 0.010 | 1.85 | 1.36–2.52 | < 0.001 |
| Per quintile | 1.08 | 1.03–1.13 | 0.002 | 1.15 | 1.07–1.24 | < 0.001 |
| Model 3 | ||||||
| 1st quintile | 1 | 1 | ||||
| 2nd quintile | 0.91 | 0.73–1.14 | 0.411 | 1.05 | 0.75–1.48 | 0.788 |
| 3rd quintile | 0.99 | 0.81–1.23 | 0.982 | 1.28 | 0.93–1.76 | 0.134 |
| 4th quintile | 1.01 | 0.82–1.25 | 0.923 | 0.94 | 0.67–1.32 | 0.721 |
| 5th quintile | 1.21 | 0.98–1.49 | 0.080 | 1.38 | 1.00–1.90 | 0.047 |
| Per quintile | 1.05 | 1.00–1.10 | 0.046 | 1.06 | 0.99–1.14 | 0.116 |
| Women | (n = 562) | (n = 150) | ||||
| Model 1 | ||||||
| 1st quintile | 1 | 1 | ||||
| 2nd quintile | 1.74 | 1.28–2.36 | < 0.001 | 1.93 | 1.22–3.06 | 0.005 |
| 3rd quintile | 1.75 | 1.29–2.37 | < 0.001 | 1.99 | 1.26–3.15 | 0.003 |
| 4th quintile | 2.13 | 1.59–2.87 | < 0.001 | 2.26 | 1.44–3.54 | < 0.001 |
| 5th quintile | 2.33 | 1.74–3.12 | < 0.001 | 2.75 | 1.78–4.25 | < 0.001 |
| Per quintile | 1.19 | 1.12–1.26 | < 0.001 | 1.22 | 1.12–1.33 | < 0.001 |
| Model 2 | ||||||
| 1st quintile | 1 | 1 | ||||
| 2nd quintile | 1.49 | 1.09–2.02 | 0.011 | 1.55 | 0.98–2.45 | 0.060 |
| 3rd quintile | 1.41 | 1.03–1.91 | 0.030 | 1.50 | 0.95–2.36 | 0.084 |
| 4th quintile | 1.60 | 1.19–2.15 | 0.002 | 1.55 | 0.99–2.43 | 0.056 |
| 5th quintile | 1.72 | 1.28–2.31 | < 0.001 | 1.87 | 1.21–2.89 | 0.005 |
| Per quintile | 1.11 | 1.05–1.18 | 0.001 | 1.12 | 1.02–1.22 | 0.014 |
| Model 3 | ||||||
| 1st quintile | 1 | 1 | ||||
| 2nd quintile | 1.48 | 1.08–2.01 | 0.014 | 1.51 | 0.95–2.40 | 0.081 |
| 3rd quintile | 1.35 | 0.99–1.84 | 0.057 | 1.28 | 0.81–2.04 | 0.291 |
| 4th quintile | 1.51 | 1.11–2.04 | 0.008 | 1.30 | 0.83–2.06 | 0.256 |
| 5th quintile | 1.54 | 1.13–2.08 | 0.006 | 1.50 | 0.96–2.36 | 0.078 |
| Per quintile | 1.08 | 1.01–1.15 | 0.020 | 1.06 | 0.962–1.16 | 0.254 |
*Among participants without CVD at baseline survey.
HR, hazard ratios; CI, confidence interval; CVD, cardiovascular diseases.
Model 1 unadjusted data. Model 2 adjusted for age. Model 3 adjusted for age, education, physical activity and smoking status, and biological factors (arterial hypertension, total cholesterol, and fasting glucose). For details see “Methods” and “Statistical analysis”.
Bold values means statistically significant difference of HR values compared with 1st quintile HR.