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. 2023 Mar 13;14:1054588. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1054588

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Copyright © 2023 Dhakal, Li, Ramezanpour, Houtak, Li, Bouras, Collela, Chegeni, Chataway, Drew, Sallustio, Vreugde, Smith, Maddern, Licari and Fenix

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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PHX promotes M1 macrophage transcriptional programming. THP-1 derived M1 or M2 macrophages were treated with PHX during their differentiation stage and qRT-PCR. mRNA expression of STAT1, CCL2, STAT6 and c-MYC in M1 (purple) and M2 (pink) macrophages. Data are pooled from 2 independent experiments with 3 replicates from each experiment and presented as mean ± SD of pooled replicates. One-way ANOVA with Dunnett's multiple comparisons test was performed for the analysis *p ≤ 0.05; ***p ≤ 0.001; ****p ≤ 0.0001.