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. 2023 Mar 13;14:1054588. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1054588

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Copyright © 2023 Dhakal, Li, Ramezanpour, Houtak, Li, Bouras, Collela, Chegeni, Chataway, Drew, Sallustio, Vreugde, Smith, Maddern, Licari and Fenix

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Proteomic analysis on PHX treated M1 macrophages reveal downregulation in immune signalling and RNA metabolism. (A) Volcano plot showing statistically significant upregulated (red) and downregulated (blue) proteins in 5 μM PHX treated M1 macrophages. (B) Network analysis based on protein-protein interactions (PPI) of 433 significantly downregulated proteins in PHX treated M1 macrophages. The k-means clustering identified 3 clusters with distinct Reactome Knwoledgbase pathway associated proteins. (C) Box plot comparing relative protein expression of identified mTOR signalling proteins between vehicle or PHX treated M1 macrophages. Student’s unpaired t-tests.