Fig. 5.

BaraA counteracts the paralysis induced by exposure to Destruxin A and is required in glial cells. (A) Wild-type flies or BaraA-KO1 mutant flies were injected with 4.6 nl, 8 mM Destruxin A toxin. Pictures were taken at 1, 5, and 22 h postinfection (see also the corresponding Movies S1–S3). After 1 h postinfection, all flies were paralyzed. At 5 h postinfection, 11 wild-type flies woke up, whereas only six BaraA-KO1 mutant flies woke up from toxin injection. At 22 h postinfection, 12 wild-type flies woke up, whereas four BaraA-KO1 mutant flies woke up. (B) Quantification of (A). Pooled data from two independent experiments, ***P < 0.0001. (C and D) BaraA-KD flies were silenced in glial cells (repo-Gal4) and injected with 4.6 nl, 8 mM Destruxin A toxin (C) or 23 nl of E. faecalis supernatant <10 kDa (D). BaraA-KD flies displayed significant difference from wild-type control flies. Pooled data from four independent experiments, *P < 0.05, ****P < 0.0001. (E and F) BaraA-KD flies were silenced in neurons (elav-Gal4) and injected with 4.6 nl, 8 mM Destruxin A toxin (E) or 23 nl of E. faecalis supernatant <10 kDa (F). BaraA-KD flies showed no significant (ns) difference from wild-type control flies. Pooled data from four independent experiments. (G and H) BaraA-KD flies were silenced ubiquitously (ubi-Gal4) and were injected with 4.6 nl, 8 mM Destruxin A toxin (G) or 23 nl of E. faecalis supernatant <10 kDa (H). Ubi-Gal4>BaraA KD flies showed significant difference from wild-type control flies after Destruxin A injection (G). No significant difference between BaraA KD and wild-type control upon E. faecalis OG1RF supernatant injection. Pooled data from four independent experiments.