Table 1.
The absolute numbers, age-standardized rates, and annual change rates of age-standardized rates of prevalence, incidence, and YLDs of migraine and TTH in non-high-income East and Southeast Asia
| Migraine | Prevalence (95% UI) | Incidence (95% UI) | YLDs (95% UI) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Country/Region | Number (2019) | ASPR (2019) | Change rate of ASPR (1990–2019) | Number (2019) | ASIR (2019) | Change rate of ASIR (1990–2019) | Number (2019) | ASYR (2019) | Change rate of ASYR (1990–2019) |
| East Asia | 195,702,169 (170,794,220, 226,960,412) | 11,671 (10,130, 13,489) | 7.87% (4.29%, 12.04%) | 13,407,856 (11,868,629, 15,020,720) | 963 (846, 1,081) | 6.77% (4.14%, 9.76%) | 7,342,002 (1,167,897, 16,681,974) | 436 (64, 994) | 7.35% (-4.42%, 12.83%) |
| China | 188,932,055 (164,819,237, 219,200,792) | 11,655 (10,125, 13,465) | 8.11% (4.47%, 12.45%) | 12,939,765 (11,463,449, 14,485,073) | 962 (846, 1,079) | 7.05% (4.35%, 10.24%) | 7,089,417 (1,130,496, 16,097,220) | 435 (64, 992) | 7.56% (-4.67%, 13.25%) |
| Democratic People's Republic of Korea | 3,357,043 (2,867,150, 3,943,765) | 11,564 (9,849, 13,538) | -2.34% (-2.59%, -2.09%) | 249,057 (213,957, 286,635) | 968 (827, 1,112) | -1.99% (-2.22%, -1.74%) | 125,343 (18,463, 288,688) | 430 (59, 992) | -2.14% (-5.94%, 1.92%) |
| Taiwan (Province of China) | 3,413,071 (2,920,091, 4,022,137) | 12,698 (10,784, 14,923) | 5.26% (-2.10%, 13.52%) | 219,034 (189,728, 251,903) | 1,030 (869, 1,179) | 2.45% (-3.17%, 8.84%) | 127,243 (18,622, 290,330) | 472 (62, 1,097) | 5.32% (-2.42%, 13.46%) |
| Southeast Asia | 113,401,792 (97,977,001, 130,911,688) | 15,864 (13,709, 18,297) | -2.19% (-3.05%, -1.44%) | 8,899,333 (7,784,223, 10,009,065) | 1,284 (1,122, 1,450) | -0.98% (-1.49%, -0.53%) | 4,244,796 (494,441, 10,155,795) | 593 (68, 1,424) | -1.72% (-3.18%, 0.89%) |
| Cambodia | 2,612,607 (2,209,347, 3,102,718) | 15,605 (13,316, 18,335) | -1.47% (-1.70%, -1.25%) | 220,050 (186,345, 255,147) | 1,260 (1,072, 1,446) | -1.29% (-1.53%, -1.09%) | 97,376 (10,533, 236,336) | 581 (65, 1,399) | -0.61% (-3.79%, 3.22%) |
| Indonesia | 44,254,814 (38,461,212, 50,871,284) | 15,896 (13,838, 18,222) | -0.44% (-0.50%, -0.37%) | 3,546,988 (3,120,944, 3,962,866) | 1,301 (1,142, 1,451) | -0.39% (-0.47%, -0.31%) | 1,658,438 (197,700, 3,948,241) | 595 (71, 1,419) | 0.04% (-1.05%, 1.43%) |
| Lao People's Democratic Republic | 1,115,803 (940,262, 1,326,061) | 15,494 (13,196, 18,209) | -0.87% (-0.99%, -0.76%) | 96,495 (81,491, 112,487) | 1,258 (1,069, 1,444) | -0.71% (-0.83%, -0.59%) | 41,628 (4,333, 101,082) | 578 (64, 1,392) | -0.43% (-3.38%, 3.62%) |
| Malaysia | 4,644,784 (3,954,841, 5,494,315) | 13,910 (11,867, 16,438) | 2.37% (-2.04%, 6.84%) | 384,092 (327,678, 441,173) | 1,176 (998, 1,346) | 1.60% (-1.81%, 4.95%) | 175,121 (21,039, 420,331) | 524 (64, 1,255) | 2.37% (-3.64%, 7.75%) |
| Maldives | 82,235 (69,261, 97,583) | 14,751 (12,578, 17,378) | -3.90% (-4.57%, -3.23%) | 6,406 (5,459, 7,429) | 1,212 (1,031, 1,395) | -3.33% (-4.07%, -2.66%) | 3,086 (354, 7,327) | 553 (63, 1,316) | -3.21% (-6.57%, 2.58%) |
| Mauritius | 219,011 (186,285, 255,889) | 15,505 (13,205, 18,220) | -0.07% (-0.11%, -0.03%) | 15,182 (13,113, 17,458) | 1,258 (1,070, 1,445) | 0.01% (-0.02%, 0.05%) | 8,147 (992, 19,383) | 576 (64, 1,386) | -0.18% (-3.33%, 3.50%) |
| Myanmar | 8,866,663 (7,546,924, 10,459,388) | 15,670 (13,373, 18,414) | 0.68% (0.55%, 0.81%) | 715,867 (608,923, 823,166) | 1,267 (1,077, 1,453) | 0.36% (0.29%, 0.45%) | 330,982 (36,107, 800,360) | 584 (65, 1,412) | 1.15% (-2.60%, 4.67%) |
| Philippines | 17,667,120 (15,325,420, 20,294,390) | 15,884 (13,834, 18,208) | -0.27% (-0.33%, -0.22%) | 1,528,529 (1,340,029, 1,709,330) | 1,299 (1,141, 1,449) | -0.34% (-0.38%, -0.29%) | 659,923 (75,214, 1,589,706) | 593 (71, 1,412) | 0.24% (-0.46%, 1.08%) |
| Seychelles | 16,916 (14,395, 19,907) | 15,246 (12,992, 17,926) | -1.47% (-1.70%, -1.27%) | 1,241 (1,066, 1,423) | 1,243 (1,056, 1,427) | -1.04% (-1.26%, -0.82%) | 633 (75, 1,510) | 569 (64, 1,364) | -1.80% (-5.12%, 1.65%) |
| Sri Lanka | 3,592,929 (3,064,189, 4,212,504) | 15,617 (13,317, 18,352) | 0.84% (0.68%, 1.02%) | 271,668 (232,572, 312,007) | 1,264 (1,075, 1,451) | 0.45% (0.36%, 0.54%) | 134,073 (15,624, 319,634) | 582 (65, 1,403) | 0.97% (-3.02%, 4.38%) |
| Thailand | 13,653,419 (11,638,782, 15,899,485) | 17,349 (14,694, 20,173) | -10.08% (-15.12%, -5.04%) | 857,152 (748,179, 985,196) | 1,336 (1,138, 1,542) | -4.13% (-7.79%, -0.21%) | 507,958 (57,033, 1,209,600) | 645 (64, 1,554) | -9.59% (-16.11%, 2.85%) |
| Timor-Leste | 190,689 (159,773, 226,936) | 15,475 (13,177, 18,192) | 0.55% (0.46%, 0.65%) | 18,008 (14,981, 20,976) | 1,257 (1,069, 1,443) | 0.62% (0.53%, 0.72%) | 7,103 (710, 17,467) | 577 (63, 1,394) | 1.23% (-2.88%, 4.45%) |
| Viet Nam | 16,336,235 (13,897,882, 19,166,436) | 15,525 (13,233, 18,238) | -1.17% (-1.33%, -1.01%) | 1,225,994 (1,055,033, 1,411,665) | 1,256 (1,068, 1,441) | -0.95% (-1.08%, -0.82%) | 614,767 (71,743, 1,471,010) | 583 (66, 1,403) | -0.76% (-4.15%, 3.27%) |
| TTH | Prevalence (95% UI) | Incidence (95% UI) | YLDs (95% UI) | ||||||
| Country/Region | Number (2019) | ASPR (2019) | Change rate of ASPR (1990–2019) | Number (2019) | ASIR (2019) | Change rate of ASIR (1990–2019) | Number (2019) | ASYR (2019) | Change rate of ASYR (1990–2019) |
| East Asia | 291,924,564 (257,799,815, 329,524,419) | 18,411 (16,109, 20,781) | 5.00% (1.35%, 9.18%) | 104,794,921 (92,637,475, 118,229,121) | 6,817 (6,035, 7,652) | 3.46% (0.55%, 6.74%) | 750,829 (250,817, 2,333,093) | 43 (14, 148) | 0.57% (-8.30%, 15.66%) |
| China | 282,144,908 (249,592,452, 318,439,040) | 18,424 (16,134, 20,802) | 5.19% (1.41%, 9.52%) | 101,281,419 (89,412,157, 114,335,361) | 6,822 (6,040, 7,655) | 3.59% (0.58%, 7.02%) | 726,402 (242,672, 2,254,633) | 43 (14, 148) | 0.55% (-8.60%, 16.13%) |
|
Democratic People's Republic of Korea |
5,056,976 (4,325,946, 5,833,379) | 18,072 (15,456, 20,954) | -0.69% (-0.94%, -0.43%) | 1,824,442 (1,600,985, 2,062,596) | 6,698 (5,838, 7,547) | -0.65% (-0.82%, -0.49%) | 12,354 (3,942, 41,506) | 42 (13, 146) | -0.32% (-9.36%, 10.01%) |
| Taiwan (Province of China) | 4,722,680 (4,058,812, 5,436,533) | 18,064 (15,453, 20,936) | 0.39% (0.25%, 0.55%) | 1,689,061 (1,487,058, 1,901,915) | 6,696 (5,836, 7,542) | 0.33% (0.22%, 0.45%) | 12,073 (3,983, 37,148) | 42 (13, 142) | 2.44% (-8.02%, 14.82%) |
| Southeast Asia | 179,938,449 (157,090,711, 203,078,740) | 25,861 (22,599, 29,102) | 0.03% (-0.16%, 0.21%) | 63,034,780 (55,579,718, 70,679,564) | 9,151 (8,083, 10,267) | 0.07% (-0.08%, 0.22%) | 370,165 (102,277, 1,390,223) | 52 (14, 196) | 0.70% (-4.18%, 5.71%) |
| Cambodia | 4,167,275 (3,532,980, 4,847,784) | 25,355 (21,614, 29,064) | -0.20% (-0.43%, 0.00%) | 1,461,830 (1,269,416, 1,651,805) | 8,835 (7,749, 9,929) | -0.19% (-0.34%, -0.04%) | 8,147 (2,224, 32,245) | 50 (14, 193) | 0.52% (-9.10%, 9.90%) |
| Indonesia | 70,882,344 (62,717,056, 79,493,304) | 26,317 (23,370, 29,417) | -0.07% (-0.13%, -0.01%) | 25,122,118 (22,238,674, 28,209,307) | 9,424 (8,375, 10,561) | -0.07% (-0.12%, -0.01%) | 147,219 (41,344, 535,587) | 54 (15, 197) | 0.66% (-4.73%, 6.14%) |
| Lao People's Democratic Republic | 1,780,161 (1,500,955, 2,078,533) | 25,303 (21,566, 29,014) | -0.14% (-0.26%, -0.03%) | 625,405 (541,887, 707,171) | 8,819 (7,737, 9,915) | -0.13% (-0.22%, -0.06%) | 3,443 (907, 13,895) | 50 (14, 196) | 0.51% (-8.87%, 10.12%) |
| Malaysia | 8,217,132 (7,016,177, 9,498,523) | 25,267 (21,519, 28,986) | 0.28% (-3.52%, 4.15%) | 2,837,674 (2,471,510, 3,205,990) | 8,808 (7,730, 9,903) | -0.07% (-2.72%, 2.52%) | 16,477 (4,538, 62,970) | 50 (14, 189) | 0.66% (-9.11%, 10.31%) |
| Maldives | 132,913 (111,788, 156,667) | 25,104 (21,377, 28,879) | -0.51% (-1.12%, 0.08%) | 45,449 (38,810, 52,142) | 8,757 (7,684, 9,853) | -0.47% (-0.87%, -0.07%) | 268 (72, 1,051) | 50 (13, 191) | 0.08% (-9.69%, 9.32%) |
| Mauritius | 352,148 (303,521, 401,108) | 25,311 (21,574, 29,020) | -0.02% (-0.05%, 0.00%) | 118,985 (104,916, 133,319) | 8,822 (7,739, 9,917) | -0.02% (-0.04%, 0.00%) | 738 (212, 2,608) | 50 (14, 190) | -0.06% (-9.41%, 9.32%) |
| Myanmar | 14,049,703 (11,956,211, 16,131,460) | 25,363 (21,637, 29,073) | 0.14% (0.06%, 0.25%) | 4,877,911 (4,259,859, 5,495,363) | 8,838 (7,750, 9,932) | 0.12% (0.06%, 0.19%) | 28,081 (7,656, 107,169) | 50 (14, 194) | 1.08% (-9.17%, 10.89%) |
| Philippines | 28,803,792 (25,345,908, 32,548,717) | 26,320 (23,377, 29,430) | -0.02% (-0.07%, 0.03%) | 10,406,376 (9,173,694, 11,732,203) | 9,424 (8,376, 10,561) | -0.03% (-0.08%, 0.02%) | 57,589 (15,747, 220,246) | 54 (15, 197) | 0.51% (-2.38%, 3.45%) |
| Seychelles | 27,091 (23,200, 30,963) | 25,240 (21,501, 28,978) | -0.27% (-0.47%, -0.07%) | 9,233 (8,081, 10,384) | 8,799 (7,723, 9,895) | -0.24% (-0.39%, -0.11%) | 57 (16, 204) | 50 (14, 190) | -0.51% (-9.63%, 8.99%) |
| Sri Lanka | 5,797,676 (4,977,486, 6,585,820) | 25,343 (21,619, 29,048) | 0.19% (0.07%, 0.32%) | 1,995,945 (1,753,096, 2,237,275) | 8,832 (7,746, 9,927) | 0.16% (0.08%, 0.25%) | 11,882 (3,326, 42,676) | 51 (14, 191) | 0.78% (-7.82%, 9.87%) |
| Thailand | 19,497,436 (16,810,978, 22,161,375) | 25,324 (21,592, 29,032) | 0.00% (-0.02%, 0.02%) | 6,549,539 (5,783,486, 7,379,774) | 8,825 (7,741, 9,921) | 0.00% (-0.02%, 0.02%) | 41,913 (12,308, 147,452) | 51 (14, 192) | 0.86% (-8.14%, 10.61%) |
| Timor-Leste | 315,190 (261,311, 370,162) | 25,290 (21,568, 28,996) | 0.08% (-0.01%, 0.17%) | 113,247 (98,440, 129,057) | 8,816 (7,735, 9,910) | 0.09% (0.02%, 0.16%) | 585 (150, 2,452) | 50 (14, 191) | 0.97% (-7.94%, 10.93%) |
| Viet Nam | 25,679,850 (21,850,778, 29,391,358) | 25,326 (21,587, 29,031) | -0.21% (-0.37%, -0.05%) | 8,788,486 (7,657,124, 9,925,498) | 8,825 (7,742, 9,921) | -0.19% (-0.29%, -0.10%) | 53,282 (14,808, 200,718) | 51 (14, 196) | 0.35% (-9.14%, 9.86%) |